1 Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK. Electronic address: f.piel@imperial.ac.uk.
2 Department of Paediatric Haematology, King's College London, King's College Hospital, London, UK.
3 Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt-Meharry Center of Excellence for Sickle Cell Disease, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
4 Department of Haematology and Blood Transfusion, College of Health Sciences and Centre of Excellence for Sickle Cell Disease Research and Training, University of Abuja, Abuja, Nigeria.
5 Department of Internal Medicine, Georges Pompidou European Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris Centre, University of Paris Cité, Paris, France.
6 Division of Hematology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
7 Division of Hematology and Global Health Center, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
8 Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, and Sickle Cell Program, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.
9 Division of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA.
10 Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Bugando Medical Centre, Mwanza, Tanzania.
11 New England Sickle Cell Institute, University of Connecticut Health, Connecticut, USA.
12 Department of Haematogenetics, Indian Council of Medical Research National Institute of Immunohaematology, Mumbai, India.
13 Pediatric Oncology Hematology Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, University of Padua, Padua, Italy.
14 Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Center of Hematology and Hemotherapy (Hemocentro), University of Campinas-UNICAMP, Campinas, Brazil.
15 Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
16 Department of Pediatrics, Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris Centre, Paris, France.
17 Paris Cité University and University of the Antilles, Inserm, BIGR, Paris, France.
18 Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
19 Department Clinical Haematology, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville and Department Haematology, Monash Health, Clayton, VIC, Australia.
20 Department of Hematology, Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital/Bayero University Kano, Kano, Nigeria.
21 Department of Business Information Systems, School of Management, HES-SO University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Western Switzerland, Geneva, Switzerland.
22 Department of Paediatrics, Government Medical College, Nagpur, India.
23 Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Neurology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
24 Department of Clinical Haematology, Monash Health and Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
25 Departments of Pediatrics and Internal Medicine, Divisions of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology and Hematology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA.
26 Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
27 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Ghana Medical School, Accra, Ghana.
28 Department of Bone Marrow Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA.
29 Division of Haematology/Oncology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.
30 Institute of Biomedical Research/CEFA Monkole Hospital Centre and Official University of Mbuji-Mayi, Mbuji-Mayi, Democratic Republic of the Congo.
31 Department of Biobehavioral Nursing Science, College of Nursing, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
32 Division of Hematology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA; Sickle Cell Foundation of Ghana, Kumasi, Ghana.