Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease caused by genetic and environmental factors. Early diagnosis is crucial for effective therapy and prognosis of RA, while biomarkers play important roles in early diagnosis. Traditional laboratory tests include rheumatoid factor, anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibody, which are inadequate in the ability of early diagnosis. Liquid biopsy technology is a technique using biomarkers found in the blood, urine, and other biological samples from patients, including DNA, RNA, exosome, etc. Evidence indicates that these biomarkers are involved in pathological and physiological conditions of RA. We reviewed the effects of liquid biopsy technology in the early diagnosis of RA and may provide new ideas for effective and precise treatment.
Keywords: C-reactive protein (CRP); Exosome; Liquid biopsy; Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA); Messenger RNA (mRNA); Micro-RNA (miRNA); Rheumatoid arthritis; Rheumatoid factor; genome-wide association studies (GWAS).
© 2023. The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.