Novel nomograms for predicting survival for immediate breast reconstruction patients diagnosed with invasive breast cancer-a single-center 15-year experience

Shanshan He; Qingjinan Chen; Gang Li; Bowen Ding; Shu Wang; Chunyong Han; Jingyan Sun; Qingfeng Huang; Jian Yin

doi:10.3389/fonc.2023.1202650

Novel nomograms for predicting survival for immediate breast reconstruction patients diagnosed with invasive breast cancer-a single-center 15-year experience

Front Oncol. 2023 Jun 22:13:1202650. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1202650. eCollection 2023.

Authors

Shanshan He^{1

2

3

4

5}, Qingjinan Chen^{1

2

3

4

5}, Gang Li⁶, Bowen Ding^{1

2

3

4

5}, Shu Wang^{1

2

3

4

5}, Chunyong Han^{1

2

3

4

5}, Jingyan Sun^{1

2

3

4

5}, Qingfeng Huang^{1

2

3

4

5}, Jian Yin^{1

2

3

4

5}

Affiliations

¹ Department of Breast Reconstruction, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China.
² National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China.
³ Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China.
⁴ Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, China.
⁵ Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sino-Russian Joint Research Center for Oncoplastic Breast Surgery, Tianjin, China.
⁶ School of Pharmacy, University College London, London, United Kingdom.

Abstract

Background: Immediate breast reconstruction is widely accepted following oncologic mastectomy. This study aimed to build a novel nomogram predicting the survival outcome for Chinese patients undergoing immediate reconstruction following mastectomy for invasive breast cancer.

Methods: A retrospective review of all patients undergoing immediate reconstruction following treatment for invasive breast cancer was performed from May 2001 to March 2016. Eligible patients were assigned to a training set or a validation set. Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression models were used to select associate variables. Two nomograms were developed based on the training cohort for breast cancer-specific survival (BCSS) and disease-free survival (DFS). Internal and external validations were performed, and the C-index and calibration plots were generated to evaluate the performance (discrimination and accuracy) of the models.

Results: The 10-year estimated BCSS and DFS were 90.80% (95% CI: 87.30%-94.40%) and 78.40% (95% CI: 72.50%-84.70%), respectively, in the training cohort. In the validation cohort, they were and 85.60% (95% CI, 75.90%-96.50%) and 84.10% (95% CI, 77.80%-90.90%), respectively. Ten independent factors were used to build a nomogram for prediction of 1-, 5- and 10-year BCSS, while nine were used for DFS. The C-index was 0.841 for BCSS and 0.737 for DFS in internal validation, and the C-index was 0.782 for BCSS and 0.700 for DFS in external validation. The calibration curve for both BCSS and DFS demonstrated acceptable agreement between the predicted and actual observation in the training and the validation cohorts.

Conclusion: The nomograms provided valuable visualization of factors predicting BCSS and DFS in invasive breast cancer patients with immediate breast reconstruction. The nomograms may have tremendous potential in guiding individualized decision-making for physicians and patients in choosing the optimized treatment methods.

Keywords: breast cancer-specific survival; disease-free survival; immediate breast reconstruction; invasive breast cancer; nomogram; survival.

Grants and funding

The study was supported by the Special Foundation for Project and Team Development Grant (XB202008) and the Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital Grant (ZLWKZZL05).