Bladder cancer is a common malignant tumor of the urinary system.The prognosis of patients with positive lymph nodes is worse than that of patients with negative lymph nodes.An accurate assessment of preoperative lymph node statushelps to make treatmentdecisions,such as the extent of pelvic lymphadenectomy and the use of neoadjuvant chemotherapy.Imaging examination and pathological examination are the primary methods used to assess the lymph node status of bladder cancer patients before surgery.However,these methods have low sensitivity and may lead to inaccuate staging of patients.We reviewed the research progress and made an outlook on the application of clinical diagnosis,imaging techniques,radiomics,and genomics in the preoperative evaluation of lymph node metastasis in bladder cancer patients at different stages.
膀胱癌是泌尿系统常见的恶性肿瘤,相对于淋巴结阴性的患者,淋巴结阳性患者预后极差。术前淋巴结状态的准确评估可为治疗决策提供有用信息,如盆腔淋巴结清扫范围和新辅助化疗的应用等。然而当前临床主要依靠影像学检查与病理检查对膀胱癌患者的淋巴结状态进行评估,但敏感性较低,易导致部分患者分期过高或分期不足。针对膀胱癌淋巴结转移的术前精准评估问题,本文着重从临床诊断、影像学方法、影像组学以及基因组学等方法进行回顾分析,并对术前从不同层面预测膀胱癌淋巴结转移方法的应用前景进行展望。.
Keywords: bladder cancer; lymph node metastasis; neoadjuvant chemotherapy; pelvic lymphadenectomy; radiomics.