Variations in high density cholesterol levels based on apolipoprotein E variant and exercise type

Huan-Cheng Chang; Oswald Ndi Nfor; Chien-Chang Ho; Pei-Hsin Chen; Yung-Po Liaw

doi:10.3389/fgene.2023.1136483

Variations in high density cholesterol levels based on apolipoprotein E variant and exercise type

Front Genet. 2023 Jun 14:14:1136483. doi: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1136483. eCollection 2023.

Authors

Huan-Cheng Chang^{1

2}, Oswald Ndi Nfor³, Chien-Chang Ho^{4

5}, Pei-Hsin Chen³, Yung-Po Liaw^{3

6

7}

Affiliations

¹ Division of Family Medicine, Department of Community Medicine, Landseed International Hospital, Taoyuan City, Taiwan.
² Department of Health Business Management Administration, Hungkuang University, Taichung City, Taiwan.
³ Department of Public Health and Institute of Public Health, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung City, Taiwan.
⁴ Department of Physical Education, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei, Taiwan.
⁵ Research and Development Center for Physical Education, Health, and Information Technology, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei, Taiwan.
⁶ Department of Medical Imaging, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung City, Taiwan.
⁷ Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung City, Taiwan.

Abstract

In various cross-sectional and longitudinal studies, exercise has been associated with cardiometabolic outcomes, including high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol. Exercise-induced changes in HDL cholesterol seem to be affected by genetic polymorphisms. In this study, we examined whether variant APOE rs7412 is involved in the association between HDL cholesterol and exercise. From adults assessed in Taiwan Biobank (TWB) between 2008 and 2019, we analyzed data from 57,638 normolipidemic subjects. To examine the association between exercise, APOE rs7412, and HDL cholesterol, a multiple linear regression model was used. A higher HDL was associated with both aerobic exercise (regression coefficient [mg/dL] beta- (β), 1.112; 95% confidence interval (CI); 0.903-1.322) and resistance exercise (β, 2.530; 95% CI, 2.093-2.966). In comparison with the APOE rs7412-CC genotype, the β was 2.589 (95% CI, 2.329-2.848) among those with the CT + TT genotype. Compared to adults who had the CC genotype and did not exercise (the CC/no exercise group), the β-coefficient determined for the different genotype and exercise groups was 1.135 (95% CI, 0.911-1.359) for the CC genotype and aerobic exercise group, 2.753 (95% CI, 2.283-3.322) for the CC genotype and resistance exercise group, 2.705 (95% CI, 2.390-3.020) for the CT + TT genotype and no exercise group, 3.682 (95% CI, 3.218-4.146) for the CT + TT genotype and aerobic exercise group, and 3.855 (95% CI, 2.727-4.982) for the CT + TT genotype and resistance exercise group, respectively. This study demonstrates that self-reported aerobic and resistance exercise both raised HDL levels, yet resistance exercise was associated with a greater increase, particularly among Taiwanese subjects carrying the APOE rs7412-CT+TT genotype.

Keywords: HDL cholesterol; cardiometabolic factors; epidemiology; exercise; genetic predisposition.

Grants and funding

This study was funded by Landseed International Hospital (LSH-CSMU-108-01) and partially by the Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST 111-2121-M040-002, MOST 111-2811-M-040-001).