Advances of new drugs bedaquiline and delamanid in the treatment of multi-drug resistant tuberculosis in children

Hanzhao Zhu; Xintong Zhou; Zengfang Zhuang; Lianju Li; Jing Bi; Kaixia Mi

doi:10.3389/fcimb.2023.1183597

Advances of new drugs bedaquiline and delamanid in the treatment of multi-drug resistant tuberculosis in children

Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2023 Jun 13:13:1183597. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1183597. eCollection 2023.

Authors

Hanzhao Zhu^{1

2}, Xintong Zhou¹, Zengfang Zhuang^{1

2}, Lianju Li^{1

3}, Jing Bi⁴, Kaixia Mi^{1

2}

Affiliations

¹ Chinese Academy of Science (CAS) Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
² Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
³ School of Basic Medicine, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China.
⁴ Baoding Hospital of Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, Baoding Key Laboratory for Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases in Children, Baoding, China.

Abstract

Tuberculosis (TB) is a major public health problem, with nearly 10 million new cases and millions of deaths each year. Around 10% of these cases are in children, but only a fraction receive proper diagnosis and treatment. The spread of drug-resistant (DR) strain of TB has made it difficult to control, with only 60% of patients responding to treatment. Multi-drug resistant TB (MDR-TB) is often undiagnosed in children due to lack of awareness or under-diagnosis, and the target for children's DR-TB treatment has only been met in 15% of goals. New medications such as bedaquiline and delamanid have been approved for treating DR-TB. However, due to age and weight differences, adults and children require different dosages. The availability of child-friendly formulations is limited by a lack of clinical data in children. This paper reviews the development history of these drugs, their mechanism of action, efficacy, safety potential problems and current use in treating DR-TB in children.

Keywords: bedaquiline; children; delamanid; multi-drug resistant TB; tuberculosis (TB).

Publication types

Review
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

Adult
Diarylquinolines / therapeutic use
Humans
Nitroimidazoles* / therapeutic use
Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant* / drug therapy

Substances

bedaquiline
OPC-67683
Diarylquinolines
Nitroimidazoles

Grants and funding

This work was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2022YFC2303200 to KM), National Natural Science Foundation of China (31970136 and 32170181 to KM), International Joint Research Project of the Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo (Extension-2019- K3006 to KM), and the Open Project Program of CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology (CASPMI202201 to KM). Hebei Provincial Innovation Capability Improvement Program (22557704K to JB).