Introduction: The history of frontotemporal dementia (FTD) is both old and new. This study explores its historical roots, dating back to the 19th century, while recognizes it as a distinct neurological entity only a few decades ago.
Methods: This qualitative study and literature review provides an overview of FTD's historical background, birth, evolution, and future directions.
Results: Recognition of FTD was hindered by rigid perceptions of dementia, the division between neurology and psychiatry, reliance on IQ-based assessment, limited neuroimaging capabilities, and lack of pathological proof. Overcoming these barriers involved revisiting early pioneers' approaches, focusing on focal impairment, establishing non-Alzheimer's disease cohorts, fostering collaboration, and developing diagnostic criteria. Current gaps include the need for biology-oriented psychiatry education, biological biomarkers, and culturally sensitive, objective clinical instruments predicting underlying pathology.
Discussion: Independent multidisciplinary centers are essential. The future of FTD lies in disease-modifying therapies, presenting new opportunities for healthcare professionals and researchers.
Keywords: behavioral sciences; dementia; dementia of the frontal type; frontal lobe dementia; frontotemporal dementia; history; neuropsychiatry; pick's disease and frontotemporal lobar degeneration.
© 2023 The Authors. Alzheimer's & Dementia published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Alzheimer's Association.