Stabilization of Bio-Oss® particulates using photocurable hydrogel to enhance bone regeneration by regulating macrophage polarization

Jiajia Wang; Xuanyu Qi; Yuqi Zhou; Guifang Wang; Yuanmeng Yang; Ting Jiang; Lei Yu; Shaoyi Wang; Wenjie Zhang

doi:10.3389/fbioe.2023.1183594

Stabilization of Bio-Oss^® particulates using photocurable hydrogel to enhance bone regeneration by regulating macrophage polarization

Front Bioeng Biotechnol. 2023 Jun 7:11:1183594. doi: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1183594. eCollection 2023.

Authors

Jiajia Wang¹, Xuanyu Qi², Yuqi Zhou³, Guifang Wang², Yuanmeng Yang⁴, Ting Jiang⁵, Lei Yu³, Shaoyi Wang¹, Wenjie Zhang²

Affiliations

¹ Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Oral Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
² Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Prosthodontics, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
³ School of Stomatology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China.
⁴ Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Preventive Dentistry, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
⁵ Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Orthodontics, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.

Abstract

Bone substitutes are widely used in maxillofacial and oral surgeries. However, in clinical practice, bone substitutes with various forms, including separated particulates, powders, and blocks, have exhibited poor handling properties and space maintenance characteristics, resulting in long surgery procedures and unstable volume of the newly formed bone. Movable separated particulates with high stiffness have induced local inflammatory responses that hinder bone regeneration. The present study aimed to develop a new method to enhance the stability and operability of bone substitutes commonly used in dentistry by premixing with photocurable hydrogel GelMA. The GelMA-encapsulated particulate had a strong capacity to aggregate separated particulates and firmly attach to the host bone defect after photocuring compared to particulates alone. Additionally, macrophages at the surface of the GelMA-stabilized particulates tended to present a more M2-like phenotype than those at the surface of Bio-Oss^®, leading to more MMR⁺ multinucleated giant cell formation and the induction of blood vessel invasion and new bone formation. In conclusion, this hydrogel-coated bone substitute strategy facilitates bone regeneration with increased operability, a stable volume of osteogenic space, and a favorable osteogenic microenvironment, indicating its potential value in the field of maxillofacial and oral surgeries when bone substitutes are needed.

Keywords: Bio-Oss®; bone regeneration; hydrogel; macrophage; stabilization.

Grants and funding

This study was supported by a grant from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant numbers 82022015 and 32071361), the Shanghai Rising-Star Program (grant number 20QA1405700), the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (project number YG2023ZD16), and the Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality (grant numbers 19411962000 and 18441903000).