Construction and validation of a reproductive behavior questionnaire for female patients with rheumatic diseases

Abstract

Introduction/objectives: Active autoimmune rheumatic diseases (ARDs) before conception increase the risk of flares and adverse pregnancy outcomes. We aimed to construct and validate a reproductive behavior questionnaire in Spanish for patients with ARDs to assess their knowledge and their reproductive behavior.

Method: We constructed and validated a reproductive behavior questionnaire in two phases: (1) a literature review followed by interviews of reproductive-age female patients, and (2) a cross-sectional study to complete validation. Convenience sampling was carried out with 165 female patients: 65 participated in the cross-cultural adaptation phase and 100 in the validation phase. The internal consistency was evaluated by estimating Cronbach's alpha and tetrachoric correlation coefficients. Values ≥ 0.40 were considered acceptable (p < 0.05).

Results: The initial instrument included 38 questions. Thematic analysis identified 8 important dimensions or topics, which were combined to create the Rheuma Reproductive Behavior interview questionnaire. A final total of 41 items across 10 dimensions were obtained. The test-retest analysis showed perfect correlations in 34 of the 41 items, moderate in 6 items, and negative in one of the items. The mean age of the patients was 35.65 years (SD 9.02), and the mean time to answer the survey was 13.66 min (SD 7.1).

Conclusions: The Rheuma Reproductive Behavior questionnaire showed good reliability and consistency capturing patients' reproductive health knowledge and reproductive behavior. Key Points • We designed and validated a questionnaire to assess reproductive health knowledge and reproductive behavior among female patients with ARDs. • The questionnaire was comprehensible for participants, and showed good reliability and consistency capturing reproductive knowledge and behavior. • This tool may aid in the design of strategies to improve reproductive decision-making for female patients with ARDs.

Keywords: Autoimmune rheumatic diseases; Contraception; Pregnancy; Questionnaire; Reproduction.