Antioxidant supplementation during treatment of outpatient dogs with parvovirus enteritis ameliorates oxidative stress and attenuates intestinal injury: A randomized controlled trial

Gollahalli Eregowda Chethan; Ujjwal Kumar De; Mithilesh Kumar Singh; Vishal Chander; Raguvaran Raja; Babul Rudra Paul; Om Prakash Choudhary; Neeraj Thakur; Kalyan Sarma; Hridayesh Prasad

doi:10.1016/j.vas.2023.100300

Antioxidant supplementation during treatment of outpatient dogs with parvovirus enteritis ameliorates oxidative stress and attenuates intestinal injury: A randomized controlled trial

Vet Anim Sci. 2023 Jun 7:21:100300. doi: 10.1016/j.vas.2023.100300. eCollection 2023 Sep.

Affiliations

¹ Division of Medicine, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, 243122, Uttar Pradesh, India.
² Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Selesih, Aizawl, 796015, Mizoram, India.
³ Immunology Section, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, 243122, Uttar Pradesh, India.
⁴ Division of Virology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Mukteswar, 263138, Uttarakhand, India.
⁵ Department of Veterinary Anatomy and Histology, College of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Selesih, Aizawl, 796015, Mizoram, India.
⁶ Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, RGSC-Banaras Hindu University, Barkachha, Mirzapur, 231001, Uttar Pradesh, India.

Abstract

A prospective randomized controlled clinical study was conducted to determine whether antioxidant supplementation as an adjunct therapy alters hemogram, oxidative stress, serum intestinal fatty acid binding protein-2 (IFABP-2) level, fecal viral load, clinical score (CS) and survivability in outpatient canine parvovirus enteritis (CPVE) dogs. The dogs with CPVE were randomized to one of the five treatment groups: supportive treatment (ST) alone, ST with N-acetylcysteine (ST+NAC), resveratrol (ST+RES), coenzyme Q10 (ST+CoQ10) or ascorbic acid (ST+AA). The primary outcome measures were reduction of CS and fecal HA titre, and enhancement of survivability. Secondary outcome measures were reduction of oxidative stress indices and IFABP-2 level from day 0 to day 7. The mean CS and HA titre were significantly (P < 0.05) decreased from day 0 to 7 in ST and all antioxidant groups. The supplementations of NAC, RES and AA along with ST markedly (P < 0.05) reduced the concentrations of malondialdehyde, nitric oxide and IFABP-2 on day 7 as compared to ST alone. Additionally, NAC and RES supplementations markedly (P < 0.05) improved the total leukocyte count and neutrophil count in CPVE-affected dogs. NAC and RES could serve as better antioxidants for the amelioration of oxidative stress in CPVE but, the antioxidants did not confer any additional benefits in reduction of CS, fecal HA tire, or survivability when compared with ST alone.

Keywords: Antioxidant; Canine parvovirus; N-acetylcysteine; Oxidative stress; Resveratrol.