Prognostic Role of Human Epididymis Protein4 (HE4) in Endometrial Lesions: Study in a Tertiary Care Centre

Smritiparna Das; Rama Saha; Chhanda Das; Mainak Deb; Gourishankar Kamilya

doi:10.1007/s13193-023-01710-2

Prognostic Role of Human Epididymis Protein4 (HE4) in Endometrial Lesions: Study in a Tertiary Care Centre

Indian J Surg Oncol. 2023 Jun;14(2):428-433. doi: 10.1007/s13193-023-01710-2. Epub 2023 Feb 4.

Authors

Smritiparna Das¹, Rama Saha², Chhanda Das^{3

4}, Mainak Deb⁵, Gourishankar Kamilya⁶

Affiliations

¹ Department of Pathology, IPGME & R, Kolkata, India.
² Department of Pathology, BSMC, Bankura, India.
³ Department of Pathology, BMC & H, Burdwan, India.
⁴ Santoshpur, India.
⁵ NRS Medical College and Hospital, Kolkata, India.
⁶ Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, I.P.G.M.E. & R, Kolkata, India.

Abstract

Endometrial cancer accounts for 20% of malignant tumours in the female reproductive system. A novel biological marker human epididymis protein4 (HE4) represents an important alternative indicator which may benefit patient mortality. To correlate the immunohistochemical expression of HE4 in different non-neoplastic and neoplastic endometrial lesions and with the WHO grade of the tumours. Our study was a cross-sectional, observational study done in a tertiary care hospital from December 2019 to June 2021 on the hysterectomy sample of 50 patients with a clinical history of abnormal uterine bleeding and pelvic pain. The study showed strong positivity of HE4 in cases of endometrial carcinoma, weak positivity in cases of atypical endometrial hyperplasia, and negativity in cases of endometrial hyperplasia without atypia group. WHO grade 3(50%) and grade 2 (29%) endometrioid adenocarcinoma NOS in our study showed strong positivity for HE4 which was statistically significant (P value = 0.001). In recent studies using overexpression of HE4-related genes, the malignant biological behaviour such as cell adhesion, invasion, and proliferation was enhanced. It was seen in our study that strong positivity of HE4 was seen in all endometrial carcinoma groups and with higher WHO grade. So, HE4 may become a potential therapeutic target for advanced-stage endometrial carcinoma which requires further research. Thus, human epididymis-specific protein 4 (HE4) has been shown to be a promising marker for the detection of endometrial carcinoma patients who could be benefitted from targeted therapy.

Keywords: Endometrial carcinoma; Immunohistochemistry; Promising marker.

© The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Indian Association of Surgical Oncology 2023. Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.