Salt priming induces low-temperature tolerance in sugar beet via xanthine metabolism

Lei Liu; Pengfei Zhang; Guozhong Feng; Wenfeng Hou; Tianhao Liu; Zhijia Gai; Yanhui Shen; Xin Qiu; Xiangnan Li

doi:10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.107810

Salt priming induces low-temperature tolerance in sugar beet via xanthine metabolism

Plant Physiol Biochem. 2023 Aug:201:107810. doi: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.107810. Epub 2023 Jun 10.

Authors

Lei Liu¹, Pengfei Zhang², Guozhong Feng³, Wenfeng Hou³, Tianhao Liu⁴, Zhijia Gai⁵, Yanhui Shen⁶, Xin Qiu⁷, Xiangnan Li⁸

Affiliations

¹ College of Resources and Environment / Key Laboratory of Straw Comprehensive Utilization and Black Soil Conservation, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China; State Key Laboratory of Black Soils Conservation and Utilization, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130102, China.
² College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China.
³ College of Resources and Environment / Key Laboratory of Straw Comprehensive Utilization and Black Soil Conservation, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China.
⁴ State Key Laboratory of Black Soils Conservation and Utilization, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130102, China.
⁵ Jiamusi Branch, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jiamusi, 154007, China.
⁶ Shandong (Linyi) Institute of Modern Agriculture, Zhejiang University, Linyi, 276000, China.
⁷ College of Economics and Management, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China.
⁸ State Key Laboratory of Black Soils Conservation and Utilization, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130102, China; College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China. Electronic address: lixiangnan@iga.ac.cn.

PMID: 37321038
DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.107810

Abstract

To understand the physiological mechanisms involved in xanthine metabolism during salt priming for improving low-temperature tolerance, salt priming (SP), xanthine dehydrogenase inhibitor (XOI), exogenous allantoin (EA), and back-supplemented EA (XOI + EA) treatments were given and the low-temperature tolerance of sugar beet was tested. Under low-temperature stress, salt priming promoted the growth of sugar beet leaves and increased the maximum quantum efficiency of PS II (Fv/Fm). However, during salt priming, either XOI or EA treatment alone increased the content of reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as superoxide anion and hydrogen peroxide, in the leaves under low-temperature stress. XOI treatment increased allantoinase activity with its gene (BvallB) expression under low-temperature stress. Compared to the XOI treatment, the EA treatment alone and the XOI + EA treatment increased the activities of antioxidant enzymes. At low temperatures, the sucrose content and the activity of key carbohydrate enzymes (AGPase, Cylnv, and FK) were significantly reduced by XOI compared to the changes under salt priming. XOI also stimulated the expression of protein phosphatase 2C and sucrose non-fermenting1-related protein kinase (BvSNRK2). The results of a correlation network analysis showed that BvallB was positively correlated with malondialdehyde, D-Fructose-6-phosphate, and D-Glucose-6-phosphate, and negatively correlated with BvPOX42, BvSNRK2, dehydroascorbate reductase, and catalase. These results suggested that salt-induced xanthine metabolism modulated ROS metabolism, photosynthetic carbon assimilation, and carbohydrate metabolism, thus enhancing low-temperature tolerance in sugar beet. Additionally, xanthine and allantoin were found to play key roles in plant stress resistance.

Keywords: ABA; Carbohydrate metabolism; Cross-tolerance; Ion homeostasis; Nitrogen recycling; ROS.