Background: Baumann skin type questionnaire (BSTQ) has been widely used for evaluating skin types in dermatology. However, it requires excessive assessment time and lacks sufficient clinical validation for the Asian population.
Aims: We aimed to establish optimized BSTQ based on dermatological assessment of the Asian population.
Methods: This was a single-center retrospective study, where the patient completed a modified BSTQ and a digital photography examination. The answers to four question groups for evaluating skin properties, including oily versus dry (O-D), sensitive versus resistant (S-R), pigmented versus non-pigmented (P-N), and wrinkled versus tight (W-T) were compared with the measurements. Highly relevant questions are selected using two different strategies and used to determine the threshold level, which was compared with skin-type measurement.
Results: In O-D, S-R, P-N, and W-T, 3-5 out of 6, 2-6 out of 9, 3-6 out of 7, and 4-9 out of 11 questions were selected, respectively. As a result, skin type scores from two strategies and measurements showed similar Pearson correlation coefficient values compared to modified BSTQ (for O-D and sebum, 0.236/0.266 vs. 0.232; for O-D and porphyrin, 0.230/0.267 vs. 0.230; for S-R and redness, 0.157/0.175 vs. 0.095; for S-R and porphyrin, 0.061 vs. 0.051; for P-N and melanin pigmentation, 0.156/0.208 vs. 0.150; for W-T and wrinkle, 0.265/0.269 vs. 0.217).
Conclusion: Two strategies for optimizing BSTQ are proposed and validated for Asian patients. Compared to the BSTQ, our methods show comparable performance with a significantly reduced number of questions.
Keywords: Asian; Baumann questionnaire; digital analyzer; skin measurement; skin type.
© 2023 The Authors. Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.