Mites are among the major sources of domestic and occupational allergens worldwide, and continuous exposure to these allergens leads to chronic airway inflammation. One of the most allergenic species is the storage mite Tyrophagus putrescentiae (Schrank). Protein extracts are produced from this mite for tests that help the clinical diagnosis (via prick test), treatment, and monitoring of disease progression in patients who had positive results for allergic reactions. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the cell viability of RAW 264.7 and L929 cells when exposed to in-house raw protein extracts of T. putrescentiae compared to a commercial product, as well as quantify TNF-α secretion by RAW 264.7. Additionally, this study quantified the effect of these extracts in IgE secretion in total blood of people affected by this mite. The study found similarity between the in-house extract and the commercial extract as they had equivalent TNF-α secretion. Additionally, viabilities of RAW 264.7 and L929 exposed to the in-house extract were compatible with viabilities of cells exposed to the commercial extract, with no cytotoxicity at the concentrations tested. Results corroborated the hypothesis that the extract produced in-house would be equivalent to the commercial extract in allergic patients when the IgE was quantified. This study is the first to show the cytotoxicity of T. putrescentiae extracts, and to provide a quantitative analysis of TNF-α and IgE.
Keywords: Allergy; Clinical immunology; Cytotoxicity; IgE; TNF-α.
© 2023. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.