Acute Myocardial Infarction-Related Hospitalizations in Non-elderly Patients with Pneumonia: a Population-Based Study

Hadia Younis; Chia Chi Loh; Charanjot Singh; Srikrishnan Pichuthirumalai; Gagan Kaur; Avreet S Bajwa; Syed Nurul Aziz; Advait Vasavada; Viralkumar Patel

doi:10.1007/s42399-023-01499-9

Acute Myocardial Infarction-Related Hospitalizations in Non-elderly Patients with Pneumonia: a Population-Based Study

SN Compr Clin Med. 2023;5(1):160. doi: 10.1007/s42399-023-01499-9. Epub 2023 Jun 7.

Authors

Hadia Younis¹, Chia Chi Loh², Charanjot Singh³, Srikrishnan Pichuthirumalai⁴, Gagan Kaur³, Avreet S Bajwa³, Syed Nurul Aziz⁵, Advait Vasavada⁶, Viralkumar Patel⁷

Affiliations

¹ Department of Medicine, Peshawar Medical College, Peshawar, Pakistan.
² Department of Internal Medicine, Manipal University College Malaysia, Melaka, Malaysia.
³ Department of Medicine, Sri Guru Ram Das Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Amritsar, India.
⁴ Department of Medicine, Sakra World Hospital, Bengaluru, India.
⁵ Department of Medicine, Shaheed Suhrawardy Medical College, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
⁶ Department of Medicine, M P Shah Medical College, 2, Green Park Apartment, Park Colony, Jamnagar, India.
⁷ Department of Internal Medicine, Sarasota Memorial Health Care System, Sarasota, USA.

Abstract

The objective is to study factors that increase the likelihood of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in hospitalized adult non-elderly patients with pneumonia compared to other medical inpatients and to understand the utilization rate of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for AMI in inpatients with pneumonia and its related impact on hospitalization stay and cost. A population-based study was conducted using the Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS, 2019) with adult non-elderly inpatients (age 18-65 years) with a medical condition as their primary diagnosis and a co-diagnosis of pneumonia during hospitalization stay. This study sample was divided by the primary diagnosis of AMI versus other medical conditions (non-AMI). A logistic regression model was used to evaluate the odds ratio (OR) of predictors associated with AMI in patients with pneumonia. The results showed a direct relationship between increasing age and the likelihood of AMI in pneumonia inpatients with three times higher odds seen in 51-65 years of age (OR 2.95, 95% CI 2.82-3.09). The comorbidities included complicated hypertension (OR 2.84, 95% CI 2.78-2.89), diabetes with complications (OR 1.27, 95% CI 1.24-1.29), and drug abuse (OR 1.27, 95% CI 1.22-1.31) that increased the likelihood of AMI-related hospitalization. The utilization rate of surgical treatment (PCI) was 14.37% for the management of AMI in inpatients with pneumonia. Inpatients co-diagnosed with pneumonia and comorbidities such as hypertension and diabetes were more likely to be hospitalized for AMI. These at-risk patients should be considered for early risk stratification. Utilization of PCI was associated with a lower in-hospital mortality rate.

Keywords: Acute myocardial infarction; Non-elderly patients; Pneumonia; Population-based study.

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