Comparison of outcomes following pedicled and free flap transfers for the defect after shoulder sarcoma resection

Abstract

Background: Reconstruction after wide resection of a sarcoma arising in the shoulder girdle is challenging, and little evidence is available to compare short-term outcomes between pedicled-flap and free-flap reconstruction.

Patients and methods: Thirty-eight patients undergoing immediate reconstruction surgery with only a pedicled-flap (n = 18) and with a free-flap (n = 20) after sarcoma resection on the shoulder girdle between July 2005 and March 2022 were identified. One-to-one propensity score matching was performed to compare the postoperative complications.

Results: Transferred flaps survived completely in 20 cases in the free-flap group. In the all-patient analysis of binary outcomes, the occurrences of total complications, takebacks, total flap complications, and flap dehiscence were higher in the pedicled-flap group than in the free-flap group. The propensity score-matched analysis showed the occurrence of total complications was significantly higher in the pedicled-flap group than the free-flap group (53.8% vs. 7.7%, p = 0.03). In the propensity score-matched analysis of continuous outcomes, the pedicled-flap group demonstrated a shorter operation time than the free-flap group (279 vs. 381 min, p = 0.05).

Conclusions: This clinical study demonstrated the feasibility and reliability of a free-flap transfer for the defect after wide resection of a sarcoma arising in the shoulder girdle.

Keywords: ALT flap; Free-flap reconstruction; PAP flap; SCIP flap; Sarcoma; Shoulder reconstruction.