Background: The nucleolus is considered the center of metabolic control and an important organelle for the biogenesis of ribosomal RNA (rRNA). Nucleolar and coiled-body phosphoprotein 1(NOLC1), which was originally identified as a nuclear localization signal-binding protein is a nucleolar protein responsible for nucleolus construction and rRNA synthesis, as well as chaperone shuttling between the nucleolus and cytoplasm. NOLC1 plays an important role in a variety of cellular life activities, including ribosome biosynthesis, DNA replication, transcription regulation, RNA processing, cell cycle regulation, apoptosis, and cell regeneration.
Purpose: In this review, we introduce the structure and function of NOLC1. Then we elaborate its upstream post-translational modification and downstream regulation. Meanwhile, we describe its role in cancer development and viral infection which provide a direction for future clinical applications.
Methods: The relevant literatures from PubMed have been reviewed for this article.
Conclusion: NOLC1 plays an important role in the progression of multiple cancers and viral infection. In-depth study of NOLC1 provides a new perspective for accurate diagnosis of patients and selection of therapeutic targets.
Keywords: Cancer; Function; Nucleolar and coiled-body phosphoprotein 1; Nucleolus.
© 2023. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.