High JAK2V617F variant allele frequency is associated with coronary artery but not aortic valve calcifications in patients with Philadelphia-negative myeloproliferative neoplasms

Abstract

Background: Patients with Philadelphia-negative myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) have a higher burden of cardiac calcifications compared to the general population. It is not known whether the JAK2V617F mutation is associated with increased cardiac calcification.

Aim: To investigate if a higher JAK2V617F variant allele frequency (VAF) is associated with severe coronary atherosclerosis and the presence of aortic valve calcification (AVC).

Methods: Patients with MPNs were examined by cardiac computer tomography to establish coronary artery calcium score (CACS) and AVC score. The first VAF after diagnosis was registered. Severe coronary atherosclerosis was defined as a CACS >400 and AVC was defined as an AVC score >0.

Results: Among 161 patients, 137 were JAK2V617F mutation-positive, with a median VAF of 26% (interquartile range 12%-52%). A VAF in the upper quartile range was associated with a CACS >400 [odds ratio (OR) 15.96, 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.13-119.53, p = .0070], after adjustment for cardiovascular risk factors and MPN subtype. An association was not found for the presence of AVC (OR 2.30, 95% CI 0.47-11.33, p = 0.31).

Conclusion: In patients with MPNs, there is a significant association between having a VAF in the upper quartile (>52%), and severe coronary atherosclerosis, defined as a CACS >400. The presence of AVC is not associated with VAF.

Keywords: Janus kinase 2; aortic valve disease; atherosclerosis; coronary; essential; multidetector computed tomography; myelofibrosis; myeloproliferative disorders; polycythemia vera; thrombocythemia.