Introduction: More than 95% of the cases of Cervical cancer (CC) are now linked to infection with Human papilloma virus (HPV) but the infection alone is not sufficient for starting the oncogenesis. Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) can promote CC cancerogenesis. ROMO1 is a protein that regulates the production of intracellular ROS and influences cancer cell invasion and proliferation. We aimed to investigate the impact of ROS in CC progression, measured by the expression of ROMO1.
Methods and materials: This is a retrospective study of 75 patients treated at the Department of Oncogynecology, Medical University of Pleven, Bulgaria. Paraffin embedded tumor tissues were immunohistochemically tested for the levels of expression of ROMO1. The results for both Allred score and H-score were investigated for association with tumor size, lymph node status and FIGO stage.
Results: Levels of ROMO1 were significantly higher in FIGO1 stage compared to FIGO2 and FIGO3 according to both scores (for H-score FIGO1 vs FIGO2 p = 0.00012; FIGO 1 vs FIGO3 p = 0.0008; for Allred score FIGO1 vs FIGO2, p = 0.0029; FIGO1 vs FIGO3 (p = 0.012). Statistically significant difference was found according to the H-score between patients with and without metastatic lymph nodes (p = 0.033).
Conclusion: To the best of our knowledge this is the first study testing immunohistochemically the expression of ROMO1 for CC progression. The levels of ROMO1 were significantly higher in early stage tumors compared to advanced. Bearing in mind that only 75 patients were tested, further studies are required to evaluate the value of ROS in CC.
Keywords: Cervical cancer; ROMO1; ROS; Reactive oxygen spices.
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