Very early onset of coronary artery aneurysm in a 3-month infant with Kawasaki disease: a case report and literature review

Ital J Pediatr. 2023 Jun 4;49(1):60. doi: 10.1186/s13052-023-01478-9.

Abstract

Background: Kawasaki disease (KD) is a medium vessel vasculitis, of unknown etiology, typically presenting in children younger than 5 years of age. Prolonged fever (at least five days) is a major clinical criterion of KD, while cardiac involvement may occur in up to 25% of patients, generally in the second week of the disease.

Case presentation: We describe the case of KD developing in a 3-month infant, with an early occurrence of coronary artery aneurysm after only 3 days of fever, complicated by thrombosis, requiring aggressive treatments.

Conclusions: Time of development of cardiac complications can be different in young infants with KD and both diagnostic criteria and treatment indications should be individualized in this class of age.

Keywords: Case report; Children; Coronary artery aneurysm; Kawasaki disease; Thrombosis.

Publication types

  • Case Reports
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Child
  • Coronary Aneurysm* / diagnostic imaging
  • Coronary Aneurysm* / etiology
  • Coronary Vessels
  • Fever
  • Humans
  • Infant
  • Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome* / complications
  • Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome* / diagnosis
  • Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome* / epidemiology
  • Thrombosis*