Determination of endogenous trace elements in extracellular vesicles secreted by an in vitro model of human retinal pigment epithelium under oxidative stress conditions using ICP-MS

Jaime Martínez-García; Beatriz Fernández; Ana Álvarez-Barrios; Lydia Álvarez; Héctor González-Iglesias; Rosario Pereiro

doi:10.1016/j.talanta.2023.124693

Determination of endogenous trace elements in extracellular vesicles secreted by an in vitro model of human retinal pigment epithelium under oxidative stress conditions using ICP-MS

Talanta. 2023 Oct 1:263:124693. doi: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.124693. Epub 2023 May 22.

Authors

Jaime Martínez-García¹, Beatriz Fernández², Ana Álvarez-Barrios³, Lydia Álvarez⁴, Héctor González-Iglesias⁵, Rosario Pereiro¹

Affiliations

¹ Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, University of Oviedo, Julian Clavería 8, 33006, Oviedo, Spain.
² Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, University of Oviedo, Julian Clavería 8, 33006, Oviedo, Spain. Electronic address: fernandezbeatriz@uniovi.es.
³ Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, University of Oviedo, Julian Clavería 8, 33006, Oviedo, Spain; Fundación de Investigación Oftalmológica, Avda, Dres, Fernández-Vega, 34, 33012, Oviedo, Spain.
⁴ Fundación de Investigación Oftalmológica, Avda, Dres, Fernández-Vega, 34, 33012, Oviedo, Spain.
⁵ Dairy Research Institute of Asturias, Spanish National Research Council (IPLA-CSIC), Villaviciosa, Spain. Electronic address: hectorgi@ipla.csic.es.

PMID: 37267885
DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.124693

Abstract

The determination of endogenous Fe, Cu and Zn in exosomes (<200 nm extracellular vesicles) secreted by an in vitro model of the human retinal pigment epithelium (HRPEsv cell line) was carried out by inductively coupled plasma - mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Results for cells treated with 2,2'-azobis (2-methylpropionamidine) dihydrochloride (AAPH) inducing oxidative stress (OS) conditions were compared with non-treated (control) cells in order to evaluate possible differences in the metal composition between both groups. Three sample introduction systems were tested for ICP-MS analysis: a micronebulizer and two single cell nebulization systems (as total consumption set-ups), being found one of the single cell systems (operating in bulk mode) as the most suitable. Two protocols for the isolation of exosomes from cell culture media were investigated based on differential centrifugation and precipitation with a polymer-based reagent. Transmission electron microscopy measurements showed smaller and more homogeneous sizes (15-50 nm versus 20-180 nm size range) together with a higher particle concentration for exosomes purified by precipitation compared to differential centrifugation. However, it was observed that the contribution of polymer-based protocol to the Fe, Cu and Zn blank was significant as compared to the differential centrifugation protocol. Therefore, considering the low concentrations of the evaluated endogenous elements in exosomes from the HRPEsv cell line, the polymer-based precipitation method was discarded. When comparing metal levels in samples from control versus OS-treated HRPEsv cells, results for Fe and Cu were statistically similar. However, upregulation of Zn was found during OS conditions (11 versus 34 μg L^-1 in control and OS-treatment, respectively), showing Zn depletion through secretory activity induced by OS, underlying the antioxidant ability of RPE cells.

Keywords: Exosomes; ICP-MS; Oxidative stress; Retinal pigment epithelial cells; Zinc.

MeSH terms

Extracellular Vesicles*
Humans
Oxidative Stress
Polymers / metabolism
Retinal Pigment Epithelium
Trace Elements*

Substances

Trace Elements
Polymers