Platelet versus plasma CXCL14, coronary artery disease, and clinical outcomes

Christoph Schories; Peter Martus; Tianyun Guan; Jessica Kristin Henes; Alexander Witte; Karin Müller; Tobias Geisler; Madhumita Chatterjee; Meinrad Gawaz; Dominik Rath

doi:10.1016/j.rpth.2023.100165

Platelet versus plasma CXCL14, coronary artery disease, and clinical outcomes

Res Pract Thromb Haemost. 2023 Apr 25;7(4):100165. doi: 10.1016/j.rpth.2023.100165. eCollection 2023 May.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ Department of Cardiology and Angiology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.
² Institute for Clinical Epidemiology and Applied Biostatistics, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.
³ Department of Cardiology, the Second Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin, People's Republic of China.
⁴ Department of Pharmacology, Experimental Therapy and Toxicology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.

Abstract

Background: Platelets express CXCL14, while platelet-derived CXCL14 induces monocyte chemotaxis and exerts an angiostatic effect on endothelial cells.

Objectives: This study investigated both platelet surface-associated and circulating levels of CXCL14 in patients with heart disease and associations of this chemokine with myocardial function and outcomes in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD).

Methods: This prospective study enrolled 450 patients with symptomatic heart disease. Platelet surface-associated and plasma CXCL14 levels were analyzed. All patients were followed up for 360 days for a primary composite outcome consisting of all-cause mortality, myocardial infarction, and/or ischemic stroke. Secondary outcomes consisted of the single events of all-cause mortality or myocardial infarction.

Results: Baseline platelet-associated but not circulating CXCL14 levels were significantly lower in patients with chronic coronary syndrome (mean fluorescence intensity logarithmized, 1.35 ± 0.35) when compared to those with acute coronary syndrome (1.47 ± 0.38) and without CAD (1.51 ± 0.40). Platelet CXCL14 levels were significantly lower (1.37 ± 0.37 vs 1.48 ± 0.39) and circulating CXCL14 levels were significantly higher (lg, 2.88 ± 0.20 pg/mL vs 2.82 ± 0.26 pg/mL) in patients with normal baseline left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) when compared to those with impaired LVEF. Low baseline circulating CXCL14 (hazard ratio, 2.33; 1.00-5.46) but not platelet CXCL14 was associated with worse outcome in patients with CAD.

Conclusion: Platelet-associated and circulating CXCL14 levels show differential regulation in patients with and without CAD. Although platelet-associated CXCL14 increased and circulating CXCL14 decreased with impairment of LVEF, only lower circulating CXCL14 upon admission was associated with worse prognosis in patients with CAD.

Keywords: coronary artery disease; human CXCL14 protein; left ventricular function; platelets; prognosis.