Comparative study on nutritional quality and serum biochemical indices of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) aged 11 to 13 months aged cultured in traditional ponds and land-based container aquaculture systems

Abstract

In the study, the physical characteristics, nutritional composition, mineral elements, volatile substances, and serum biochemistry of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) after rearing for two months were compared and analyzed to reveal the differences in muscle nutritional quality and serum biochemical indices between fish raised in traditional ponds (TP) and land-based container recirculating aquaculture systems (C-RAS). One hundred fish were selected from each aquaculture mode for the following experiments. Results show that: in terms of physical properties, C-RAS frozen seepage rate was significantly lower than that in TP (P < 0.05), the chewiness, gumminess, springiness, resilience, adhesiveness, cohesiveness, and shearing of C-RAS group were significantly higher than in TP (P < 0.01). Regarding muscle nutrients, the moisture, the crude lipid contents of C-RAS group were significantly lower than that of the TP group (P < 0.05), and the crude protein content of C-RAS group was extremely significantly higher than that in TP (P < 0.01). The saturated fatty acids (ΣSFA) and polyunsaturated fatty acids (ΣPUFA) in the muscle of C-RAS were significantly higher than that in TP (P < 0.01), and monounsaturated fatty acids (ΣMUFA) of C-RAS were significantly lower than that in TP (P < 0.01). Methionine content in C-RAS was significantly higher than that in TP (P < 0.05). In terms of mineral elements, the contents of K and Se in C-RAS were significantly higher than those in TP, and the content of Zn in C-RAS was significantly lower than that in TP (P < 0.05). In terms of volatile substances, nonanal, octanal, and benzaldehyde in C-RAS were significantly lower than those in TP(P < 0.01), 2,3-diethyl-5-methylpyrazine, ethyl 3-methylpentanoate, butyl formate were significantly higher than those in TP (P < 0.01). In terms of serum biochemistry, the glucose index in C-RAS was extremely significantly lower than that in TP group, total protein, albumin, alkaline phosphatase, and triglyceride were extremely significantly higher than those in TP (P < 0.01). Experiments show that the aquaculture mode has a large impact on the physical properties of the common carp, nutrients, mineral elements, volatile matter, and serum biochemical. In conclusion, the common carp cultured in C-RAS systems had better muscle nutritional quality, which provides a reference for future regulation of fish nutritional quality by C-RAS.

Keywords: Cyprinus carpio; Land-based container recirculating aquaculture systems; Nutritional component; Serum biochemical; Traditional pond system.