A Simplified Screening Tool for the One-Leg Standing Test to Determine the Severity of Locomotive Syndrome

Takaomi Kobayashi; Tadatsugu Morimoto; Chisato Shimanoe; Rei Ono; Koji Otani; Masaaki Mawatari

doi:10.3390/life13051190

A Simplified Screening Tool for the One-Leg Standing Test to Determine the Severity of Locomotive Syndrome

Life (Basel). 2023 May 16;13(5):1190. doi: 10.3390/life13051190.

Authors

Takaomi Kobayashi¹, Tadatsugu Morimoto¹, Chisato Shimanoe², Rei Ono³, Koji Otani⁴, Masaaki Mawatari¹

Affiliations

¹ Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, 5-1-1 Nabeshima, Saga 849-8501, Japan.
² Department of Pharmacy, Saga University Hospital, Saga 849-0937, Japan.
³ Department of Physical Activity Research, National Institute of Health and Nutrition, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, 1-23-1, Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8636, Japan.
⁴ Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan.

Abstract

This study determined the cut-off time for the one-leg standing test (OLST) to simply screen the severity of locomotive syndrome (LS). We conducted this cross-sectional study on 1860 community-dwelling residents (age, 70.5 ± 9.5 years old; males, n = 826; females, n = 1034) who underwent the OLST and completed the 25-question geriatric locomotive function scale (GLFS-25). Multivariate linear regression and multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted to assess the relationship between the OLST and the GLFS-25 score and LS after adjusting for age, sex, and body mass index. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed to calculate the optimal cut-off time of the OLST for determining LS severity. The multivariate linear regression and multivariate logistic regression analyses showed that the OLST was significantly associated with the GLFS-25 score and a diagnosis of LS. The optimal cut-off times of the OLST to screen LS-1, LS-2, and LS-3 were 42 s (sensitivity 65.8%, specificity 65.3%), 27 s (sensitivity 72.7%, specificity 72.5%), and 19 s (sensitivity 77.4%, specificity 76.8%), respectively. We developed a simplified screening tool for the OLST to determine LS severity.

Keywords: 25-question geriatric locomotive function scale; locomotive syndrome; one-leg standing test; screening.

Grants and funding

This study was supported by grants from JOA-Subsidized Science Project Research 2016-3, a grant from Fukushima Prefectural Hospitals 2017, and JOA-Subsidized Science Project Research 2020-2. Outside of the current study, the authors declare being supported by Jichi Medical University Graduate’s Association 7th Project Research.