Mycobacterium canettii Tuberculosis Lymphadenopathy in a 3-Year-old Child

Abstract

A 3-year-old male originating from Djibouti presented with a cervical mass evolving for 2 months. Tuberculous lymphadenopathy was suspected based on biopsy results, and he improved quickly on standard antituberculous quadritherapy. Subsequently some features of the mycobacterium that grew in culture were unusual. The isolate was eventually identified as Mycobacterium canettii , a peculiar species of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex.