Influence of Solvent Evaporation Temperature on the Performance of Ternary Solid Polymer Electrolytes Based on Poly(vinylidene fluoride- co-hexafluoropropylene) Combining an Ionic Liquid and a Zeolite

João C Barbosa; Daniela M Correia; Arkaitz Fidalgo-Marijuan; Renato Gonçalves; Stanislav Ferdov; Verónica de Zea Bermudez; Carlos M Costa; Senentxu Lanceros-Mendez

doi:10.1021/acsaem.3c00155

Influence of Solvent Evaporation Temperature on the Performance of Ternary Solid Polymer Electrolytes Based on Poly(vinylidene fluoride- co-hexafluoropropylene) Combining an Ionic Liquid and a Zeolite

ACS Appl Energy Mater. 2023 May 8;6(10):5239-5248. doi: 10.1021/acsaem.3c00155. eCollection 2023 May 22.

Authors

João C Barbosa^{1

2}, Daniela M Correia³, Arkaitz Fidalgo-Marijuan^{4

5}, Renato Gonçalves³, Stanislav Ferdov¹, Verónica de Zea Bermudez^{2

6}, Carlos M Costa^{1

7}, Senentxu Lanceros-Mendez^{1

4

8}

Affiliations

¹ Physics Centre of Minho and Porto Universities (CF-UM-UP) and Laboratory of Physics for Materials and Emergent Technologies, LapMET, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal.
² CQ-VR, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal.
³ Center of Chemistry, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal.
⁴ BCMaterials, Basque Center for Materials, Applications and Nanostructures, UPV/EHU Science Park, 48940 Leioa, Spain.
⁵ Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 48940 Leioa, Spain.
⁶ Department of Chemistry, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal.
⁷ Institute of Science and Innovation for Bio-Sustainability (IB-S), University of Minho, 4710-053 Braga, Portugal.
⁸ Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, 48009 Bilbao, Spain.

Abstract

Solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs) will allow improving safety and durability in next-generation solid-state lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). Within the SPE class, ternary composites are a suitable approach as they provide high room-temperature ionic conductivity and excellent cycling and electrochemical stability. In this work, ternary SPEs based on poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) (PVDF-HFP) as a polymer host, clinoptilolite (CPT) zeolite, and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium thiocyanate ([Bmim][SCN])) ionic liquid (IL) as fillers were produced by solvent evaporation at different temperatures (room temperature, 80, 120, and 160 °C). Solvent evaporation temperature affects the morphology, degree of crystallinity, and mechanical properties of the samples as well as the ionic conductivity and lithium transference number. The highest ionic conductivity (1.2 × 10^-4 S·cm^-1) and lithium transference number (0.66) have been obtained for the SPE prepared at room temperature and 160 °C, respectively. Charge-discharge battery tests show the highest value of discharge capacity of 149 and 136 mAh·g^-1 at C/10 and C/2 rates, respectively, for the SPE prepared at 160 °C. We conclude that the fine control of the solvent evaporation temperature during the preparation of the SPE allows us to optimize solid-state battery performance.