In vitro evaluation of the neuroprotective potential of Olea dioica against Aβ peptide-induced toxicity in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells

Pratap G Kenchappa; Yalpi Karthik; Poornima D Vijendra; Raghavendra L S Hallur; Ajay S Khandagale; Ashok K Pandurangan; Sathisha G Jayanna; Mohammed Ali Alshehri; Abdulrahman Alasmari; Samy Sayed; Manjula Shantaram; Muntazir Mushtaq

doi:10.3389/fphar.2023.1139606

In vitro evaluation of the neuroprotective potential of Olea dioica against Aβ peptide-induced toxicity in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells

Front Pharmacol. 2023 May 10:14:1139606. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1139606. eCollection 2023.

Affiliations

¹ Department of Studies and Research in Biochemistry, Jnana Kaveri Post Graduate Centre, Mangalore University, Kodagu, Karnataka, India.
² Department of Studies and Research in Microbiology, Jnana Kaveri Campus, Mangalore University, Kodagu, Karnataka, India.
³ Department of Studies in Food Technology, Davangere University, Davangere, Karnataka, India.
⁴ Center for Biotechnology, Pravara Institute of Medical Sciences (Deemed to Be University), Ahmednagar, Maharashtra, India.
⁵ SDM Research Institute for Biomedical Sciences (SDMRIBS) Shree Dharmasthala Manjunatheshwara University, Dharwad, Karnataka, India.
⁶ School of Life Sciences, B.S. Abdur Rahman Crescent Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, India.
⁷ Department of Biochemistry, Jnanasahyadri, Kuvempu University, Shivamogga, Karnataka, India.
⁸ Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia.
⁹ Genome and Biotechnology Unit, Faculty of Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia.
¹⁰ Department of Science and Technology, University College-Ranyah, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia.
¹¹ MS Swaminathan School of Agriculture, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India.

Abstract

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a type of neurodegenerative disease, associated with the hastening of ROS, acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity, and amyloid β peptides plaques in the brain. The limitations and side effects of existing synthetic drugs incline toward natural sources. In the present communication active principles of methanolic extract of Olea dioica Roxb, leaves are explored as an antioxidant, AChE inhibitor, and anti-amyloidogenic. Furthermore, neuroprotection against the amyloid beta-peptide has been studied. The bioactive principles were identified by GC-MS and LC-MS and further subjected to antioxidant (DPPH and FRAP) and neuroprotection (AChE inhibition, ThT binding, and MTT assay, DCFH-DA and lipid peroxidation (LPO) assay using neuroblastoma (SHSY-5Y) cell lines) assays. Methanolic extract of O. dioica Roxb, leaves was found to contain polyphenols and flavonoids. In vitro assays exhibited potential antioxidant and anti-AChE (˃50%) activities. ThT binding assay indicated protection against amyloid-beta aggregation. MTT assay, Aβ1-40 (10 µM) with extract increase the cell viability (˃50%) and showed significant cytotoxicity to SHSY-5Y cells. ROS level (˃25%) significantly decreased in the Aβ1-40 (10 µM) + extract (15 and 20 μM/mL) and LPO assay (˃50%) suggesting prevention of cell damage. Results advocate that O. dioica leaves are a good source of antioxidants, anti-AChE, and anti-amyloidogenic compounds which may be further evaluated as a natural medicine for the treatment of AD.

Keywords: GC-LCMS; SHSY-5Y; acetylcholinesterase; alzeheimer’s disease; amyloid; beta; olea dioica roxb.