Targeting the gut microbiota and its metabolites for type 2 diabetes mellitus

Jiaqiang Wu; Kangping Yang; Hancheng Fan; Meilin Wei; Qin Xiong

doi:10.3389/fendo.2023.1114424

Targeting the gut microbiota and its metabolites for type 2 diabetes mellitus

Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2023 May 9:14:1114424. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1114424. eCollection 2023.

Authors

Jiaqiang Wu¹, Kangping Yang¹, Hancheng Fan², Meilin Wei³, Qin Xiong^{4

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Affiliations

¹ The Second Clinical Medical College of Nanchang University, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.
² Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.
³ Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.
⁴ Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.
⁵ Jiangxi Clinical Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Disease, Nanchang, China.
⁶ Jiangxi Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Disease, Nanchang, China.

Abstract

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia and insulin resistance. The incidence of T2DM is increasing globally, and a growing body of evidence suggests that gut microbiota dysbiosis may contribute to the development of this disease. Gut microbiota-derived metabolites, including bile acids, lipopolysaccharide, trimethylamine-N-oxide, tryptophan and indole derivatives, and short-chain fatty acids, have been shown to be involved in the pathogenesis of T2DM, playing a key role in the host-microbe crosstalk. This review aims to summarize the molecular links between gut microbiota-derived metabolites and the pathogenesis of T2DM. Additionally, we review the potential therapy and treatments for T2DM using probiotics, prebiotics, fecal microbiota transplantation and other methods to modulate gut microbiota and its metabolites. Clinical trials investigating the role of gut microbiota and its metabolites have been critically discussed. This review highlights that targeting the gut microbiota and its metabolites could be a potential therapeutic strategy for the prevention and treatment of T2DM.

Keywords: gut microbial metabolites; gut microbiota; probiotics; targeted therapy; type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Publication types

Review
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2* / metabolism
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2* / therapy
Fecal Microbiota Transplantation
Gastrointestinal Microbiome*
Humans
Prebiotics
Probiotics* / therapeutic use

Substances

Prebiotics

Grants and funding

This work was supported by Science and Technology Planning Project of Jiangxi Health Commission (202210483) and Science and Technology Planning Project of Jiangxi Health Commission (202210663).