Common Orthopedic Traits and Screening for Breeding Programs

Jessica J Hayward; Rory J Todhunter

doi:10.1016/j.cvsm.2023.04.004

Common Orthopedic Traits and Screening for Breeding Programs

Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract. 2023 Sep;53(5):1013-1029. doi: 10.1016/j.cvsm.2023.04.004. Epub 2023 May 22.

Authors

Jessica J Hayward¹, Rory J Todhunter²

Affiliations

¹ Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.
² Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA. Electronic address: rjt2@cornell.edu.

PMID: 37225647
DOI: 10.1016/j.cvsm.2023.04.004

Abstract

Orthopedic diseases are complex traits, meaning genetics and environmental factors affect risk, making identification of genetic associations difficult. In the United States, hip and elbow scores, patellar luxation scores, Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease, and shoulder osteochondrosis affectedness are available in the Orthopedic Foundation for Animals registry. Distraction indices and extended, ventrodorsal hip conformation scores are recorded by PennHIP. Application of estimated breeding values for hip and elbow dysplasia in breeder selection reduces the severity and prevalence of these traits. Genomic prediction and whole-genome sequence technologies and methods should improve knowledge of genetics underlying orthopedic diseases, leading to improved canine orthopedic genetic quality.

Keywords: Breeding; Dogs; Genetics; Orthopedic traits; Screening.

Publication types

Review

MeSH terms

Animals
Dog Diseases* / diagnosis
Dog Diseases* / genetics
Dogs
Elbow Joint*
Hip Dysplasia, Canine* / diagnosis
Hip Dysplasia, Canine* / genetics
Joint Diseases* / veterinary
Orthopedics*
Prevalence
United States