Biologically-induced synthetic manganese carbonate precipitate (BISMCP) for potential applications in heavy metal removal

Anggraeni Kumala Dewi; Raju Kumar Sharma; Koyeli Das; Uttara Sukul; Pin-Yun Lin; Yi-Hsun Huang; Chung Ming Lu; Cheng-Kang Lu; Tsung-Hsien Chen; Chien-Yen Chen

doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e15919

Biologically-induced synthetic manganese carbonate precipitate (BISMCP) for potential applications in heavy metal removal

Heliyon. 2023 May 1;9(5):e15919. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e15919. eCollection 2023 May.

Authors

Anggraeni Kumala Dewi^{1

2}, Raju Kumar Sharma^{2

3}, Koyeli Das^{2

4}, Uttara Sukul^{2

4}, Pin-Yun Lin³, Yi-Hsun Huang², Chung Ming Lu^{2

5}, Cheng-Kang Lu⁶, Tsung-Hsien Chen⁷, Chien-Yen Chen^{2

8}

Affiliations

¹ Department of Physics, National Chung Cheng University, University Road, Minhsiung, Chiayi County, 62102, Taiwan.
² Doctoral Program in Science, Technology, Environment, and Mathematics, Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, National Chung Cheng University, 168 University Road, Min-Hsiung, Chiayi County, 62102, Taiwan.
³ Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, National Chung Cheng University, 168 University Road, Min-Hsiung, Chiayi County, 62102, Taiwan.
⁴ Department of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate Institute of Molecular Biology, National Chung Cheng University, 168 University Road, Min-Hsiung, Chiayi County, 62102, Taiwan.
⁵ Department of Chemical Engineering, National Chung Cheng University, University Road, Minhsiung, Chiayi County, 62102, Taiwan.
⁶ Department of Chest Division, Internal Medicine, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chiayi Christian Hospital 600566, Taiwan.
⁷ Department of Internal Medicine, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chiayi Christian Hospital 600566, Taiwan.
⁸ Center for Nano Bio-Detection, Center for Innovative Research on Aging Society, AIM-HI, National Chung Cheng University, 168, University Road, Min-Hsiung, Chiayi County, 62102, Taiwan.

Abstract

Heavy metal pollution of water is a burning issue of today's world. Among several strategies involved for heavy metal remediation purpose, biomineralization has shown great potential. Of late, research has been focused on developing effective mineral adsorbents with reduced time and cost consumption. In this present paper, the Biologically-Induced Synthetic Manganese Carbonate Precipitate (BISMCP) was produced based on the biologically-induced mineralization method, employing Sporosarcina pasteurii in aqueous solutions containing urea and MnCl₂. The prepared adsorbent was characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), SEM-energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and BET surface area analyzer. EDX analysis showed the elements in the crystal BISMCP were Mn, C, and O. XRD result of BISMCP determined the crystal structure, which is close to rhodochrosite (MnCO₃). Spectral peaks of FTIR at 1641.79 cm^-1 confirmed the appearance of C[bond, double bond]O binding, with strong stretching of CO₃^2- in Amide I. From the six kinds of BISMCP produced, sample MCP-6 has the higher specific surface area by BET analysis at 109.01 m²/g, with pore size at 8.76 nm and higher pore volume at 0.178 cm³/g. These specifications will be suitable as an adsorbent for heavy metal removal by adsorption process. This study presents a preliminary analysis of the possibility of BISMCP for heavy metals adsorption using ICP multi-element standard solution XIII (As, Cr, Cd, Cu, Ni, and Zn). BISMCP formed from 0.1 MnCl₂ and 30 ml of bacteria volume (MCP-6) produced a better adsorbent material than others concentrations, with the adsorption efficiency of total As at 98.9%, Cr at 97.0%, Cu at 94.7%, Cd at 88.3%, Zn at 48.6%, and Ni at 29.5%. Future work could be examined its efficiency adsorbing individual heavy metals.

Keywords: Adsorbent material; Biologically induced mineralization; Biomineralization; Heavy metal removal; Manganese carbonate (MnCO3); Sporosarcina pasteurii.