Recent advancements in nanotechnology-based bacteriophage delivery strategies against bacterial ocular infections

Rohit Patil; Deepa Dehari; Aiswarya Chaudhuri; Dulla Naveen Kumar; Dinesh Kumar; Sanjay Singh; Gopal Nath; Ashish Kumar Agrawal

doi:10.1016/j.micres.2023.127413

Recent advancements in nanotechnology-based bacteriophage delivery strategies against bacterial ocular infections

Microbiol Res. 2023 Aug:273:127413. doi: 10.1016/j.micres.2023.127413. Epub 2023 May 18.

Authors

Rohit Patil¹, Deepa Dehari¹, Aiswarya Chaudhuri¹, Dulla Naveen Kumar¹, Dinesh Kumar¹, Sanjay Singh², Gopal Nath³, Ashish Kumar Agrawal⁴

Affiliations

¹ Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi 221005, U.P., India.
² Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi 221005, U.P., India; Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow 226025, U.P., India.
³ Department of Microbiology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, U.P., India.
⁴ Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi 221005, U.P., India. Electronic address: ashish.phe@iitbhu.ac.in.

PMID: 37216845
DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2023.127413

Abstract

Antibiotic resistance is growing as a critical challenge in a variety of disease conditions including ocular infections leading to disastrous effects on the human eyes. Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) mediated ocular infections are very common affecting different parts of the eye viz. vitreous chamber, conjunctiva, cornea, anterior and posterior chambers, tear duct, and eyelids. Blepharitis, dacryocystitis, conjunctivitis, keratitis, endophthalmitis, and orbital cellulitis are some of the commonly known ocular infections caused by S. aureus. Some of these infections are so fatal that they could cause bilateral blindness like panophthalmitis and orbital cellulitis, which is caused by methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistance S. aureus (VRSA). The treatment of S. aureus infections with known antibiotics is becoming gradually difficult because of the development of resistance against multiple antibiotics. Apart from the different combinations and formulation strategies, bacteriophage therapy is growing as an effective alternative to treat such infections. Although the superiority of bacteriophage therapy is well established, yet physical factors (high temperatures, acidic pH, UV-rays, and ionic strength) and pharmaceutical barriers (poor stability, low in-vivo retention, controlled and targeted delivery, immune system neutralization, etc.) have the greatest influence on the viability of phage virions (also phage proteins). A variety of Nanotechnology based formulations such as polymeric nanoparticles, liposomes, dendrimers, nanoemulsions, and nanofibres have been recently reported to overcome the above-mentioned obstacles. In this review, we have compiled all these recent reports and discussed bacteriophage-based nanoformulations techniques for the successful treatment of ocular infections caused by multidrug-resistant S. aureus and other bacteria.

Keywords: Antibiotic resistance; Bacteriophage therapy; Nano-delivery; Ophthalmic infectious diseases; S. aureus.

Publication types

Review

MeSH terms

Anti-Bacterial Agents / pharmacology
Anti-Bacterial Agents / therapeutic use
Eye Infections, Bacterial* / drug therapy
Eye Infections, Bacterial* / microbiology
Humans
Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus*
Microbial Sensitivity Tests
Nanotechnology
Orbital Cellulitis* / drug therapy
Staphylococcal Infections* / microbiology
Staphylococcus aureus

Substances

Anti-Bacterial Agents