Because of technological advancements in preserving neurological function during surgery, intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring has become mandatory and increasingly common. Few studies have reported on the safety, feasibility, and reliability of intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring in children, especially infants. The maturation of nerve pathways is not fully achieved until 2 years of age. Moreover, it is often difficult to maintain stable anesthetic depth and hemodynamic status when operating on children. The interpretation of neurophysiological recordings in children is different from that in adults and requires further consideration.