Risk factors for cardiovascular adverse events from immune checkpoint inhibitors

Lingli Luo; Yuxin Liu; Jingfen Lu; Yifei Zhang; Gang Fan; Xiaojun Tang; Weiming Guo

doi:10.3389/fonc.2023.1104888

Risk factors for cardiovascular adverse events from immune checkpoint inhibitors

Front Oncol. 2023 Apr 28:13:1104888. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1104888. eCollection 2023.

Authors

Lingli Luo¹, Yuxin Liu², Jingfen Lu³, Yifei Zhang⁴, Gang Fan⁵, Xiaojun Tang⁶, Weiming Guo⁷

Affiliations

¹ Medical College, Hunan Polytechnic of Environment and Biology, Hengyang, China.
² College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China.
³ The First Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.
⁴ The First Teaching Hospital, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.
⁵ Urology Department, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Union Shenzhen Hospital, the 6th Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China.
⁶ Department of Spinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China.
⁷ Sports Medicine Department, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Union Shenzhen Hospital, the 6th Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China.

Abstract

Immune-related adverse events (irAEs), including skin injury, liver and kidney injury, colitis, as well as cardiovascular adverse events, are a series of complications arising during the treatment of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). Cardiovascular events are the most urgent and the most critical, as they can end life in a short period of time. With the widespread use of ICIs, the number of immune-related cardiovascular adverse events (irACEs) induced by ICIs has increased. More attention has been paid to irACEs, especially regarding cardiotoxicity, the pathogenic mechanism, diagnosis and treatment. This review aims to assess the risk factors for irACEs, to raise awareness and help with the risk assessment of irACEs at an early stage.

Keywords: cardiovascular adverse events; immune checkpoint inhibitor; immune-related cardiovascular adverse events; immunomodulation; risk factors; systemic immunity.

Publication types

Review