A Review of Hyperglycemia in COVID-19

Maryam Zahedi; Saba Kordrostami; Mohammadreza Kalantarhormozi; Marziyeh Bagheri

doi:10.7759/cureus.37487

A Review of Hyperglycemia in COVID-19

Cureus. 2023 Apr 12;15(4):e37487. doi: 10.7759/cureus.37487. eCollection 2023 Apr.

Authors

Maryam Zahedi¹, Saba Kordrostami², Mohammadreza Kalantarhormozi³, Marziyeh Bagheri⁴

Affiliations

¹ Department of Internal Medicine, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Clinical Research Development Unit (CRDU) 5 Azar Hospital, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, IRN.
² Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Clinical Research Development Unit (CRDU) 5 Azar Hospital, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, IRN.
³ Department of Endocrinology, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, IRN.
⁴ Department of Internal Medicine, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, IRN.

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the most common chronic metabolic disorders worldwide, which increases the risk of common and opportunistic infections. Following the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, a higher incidence rate, more severe forms of the disease, and exacerbation of hyperglycemia and its complications have been observed in patients with DM. Moreover, stress-induced hyperglycemia has been observed in many hospitalized nondiabetic patients after contracting COVID-19. Hyperglycemia worsens prognosis in both diabetic and nondiabetic patients. In this study, the mechanism of new-onset or exacerbation of hyperglycemia, the effect of the treatments used for COVID-19 on hyperglycemia, the importance and appropriate method of blood glucose (blood sugar (BS)) control during the disease, and the possible fate of new-onset hyperglycemia after recovery from COVID-19 to some extent is expressed.

Keywords: covid-19; diabetes mellitus; hyperglycemia; prognosis; stress-induced hyperglycemia.

Publication types

Review