Protocol for photoelectrocatalytic synthesis of aromatic azo compounds from aromatic amines

Lan Luo; Yuguang Liu; Wangsong Chen; Shanshan Zhang; Mingfei Shao; Zhenhua Li; Haohong Duan

doi:10.1016/j.xpro.2023.102311

Protocol for photoelectrocatalytic synthesis of aromatic azo compounds from aromatic amines

STAR Protoc. 2023 May 13;4(2):102311. doi: 10.1016/j.xpro.2023.102311. Online ahead of print.

Authors

Lan Luo¹, Yuguang Liu², Wangsong Chen², Shanshan Zhang², Mingfei Shao³, Zhenhua Li⁴, Haohong Duan⁵

Affiliations

¹ State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China. Electronic address: 2020400229@mail.buct.edu.cn.
² State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China.
³ State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China; Quzhou Institute for Innovation in Resource Chemical Engineering, Quzhou 324000, China.
⁴ State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China; Quzhou Institute for Innovation in Resource Chemical Engineering, Quzhou 324000, China. Electronic address: lzh0307@mail.buct.edu.cn.
⁵ Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, 30 Shuangqing Road, Beijing 100084, China; Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations, Tianjin 300192, China; Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Engineering Research Center of Advanced Rare Earth Materials, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100084, China. Electronic address: hhduan@mail.tsinghua.edu.cn.

Abstract

Photoelectrocatalytic (PEC) strategy has emerged as a promising approach to drive organic reactions under mild conditions. Here, we present a protocol for PEC oxidative coupling of aromatic amines to produce aromatic azo compounds over a porous BiVO₄ nanoarray (BiVO₄-NA) photoanode. We describe the fabrication of BiVO₄-NA photoanode and the detailed steps for the PEC oxidative coupling reaction, including key performance data of the BiVO₄-NA photoanode for synthesizing azobenzene from aniline. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Luo et al. (2022).¹.

Keywords: Chemistry; Energy; Material sciences.