Food insecurity in a Brazilian transgender sample during the COVID-19 pandemic

PLoS One. 2023 May 10;18(5):e0284257. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0284257. eCollection 2023.

Abstract

Transgender people often live with social vulnerability, largely promoted by gender-based prejudice. Our aim in this article was to raise preliminary data on how the COVID-19 pandemic and perceived prejudice have contributed to the problem of food and food insecurity in the transgender communities in Brazil. We conducted a web-based cross-sectional study, in which 109 transgender people from all regions of Brazil participated. We used the Chi-Square test and Poisson regression modeling with robust variance to estimate the association between food insecurity and the investigated factors. In our sample, 68.8% of transgender people experienced food insecurity, of these, 20.2% experienced severe food insecurity. Our results showed that the difficulties in purchasing food in the transgender community predate the COVID-19 pandemic, yet that the restrictive measures adopted have also impacted overall access to quality food. However, the main explanations for food insecurity were income and employment. In predicting food insecurity, the experiences of prejudice must be considered, and give rise to the hypothesis that specific conditions to which transgender people are exposed explain, to some degree, their vulnerability to food insecurity.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Brazil / epidemiology
  • COVID-19* / epidemiology
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Food Insecurity
  • Food Supply
  • Humans
  • Pandemics
  • Socioeconomic Factors
  • Transgender Persons*

Grants and funding

This work was supported by Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES), for the Ph.D. scholarship to SMG (grant numbers 88887.505839/2020-00), by the CNPq through a research grant to MCMJ (402334/2021-3) and a research productivity scholarship also awarded to MCMJ (306755/2021-1). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.