Sonochemical synthesis of Ce-TiO2 nanocatalyst and subsequent application for treatment of real textile industry effluent

Ananya Dey; Shrivatsa Korde; Parag R Gogate; Chandrodai Agarkoti

doi:10.1016/j.ultsonch.2023.106426

Sonochemical synthesis of Ce-TiO₂ nanocatalyst and subsequent application for treatment of real textile industry effluent

Ultrason Sonochem. 2023 Jun:96:106426. doi: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2023.106426. Epub 2023 Apr 29.

Authors

Ananya Dey¹, Shrivatsa Korde², Parag R Gogate³, Chandrodai Agarkoti²

Affiliations

¹ Chemical Engineering Department, Institute of Chemical Technology, Matunga, Mumbai 400 019, India; NMIMS Mukesh Patel School of Technology Management & Engineering, Mumbai, India.
² Chemical Engineering Department, Institute of Chemical Technology, Matunga, Mumbai 400 019, India.
³ Chemical Engineering Department, Institute of Chemical Technology, Matunga, Mumbai 400 019, India. Electronic address: pr.gogate@ictmumbai.edu.in.

Abstract

Treatment of real textile industry effluent using photocatalysis, sonocatalysis, sonophotocatalysis and H₂O₂ assisted sonophotocatalysis have been studied based on the use of Ce-TiO₂ nanocatalyst synthesized using sonochemical co-precipitation method. Characterization studies of the obtained catalyst revealed crystallite size as 1.44 nm with particles having spherical morphology. A shift of the absorption edge to the visible light range was also observed in UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectra (UV-DRS) analysis. The effects of different operational parameters viz catalyst dose (0.5 g/L-2 g/L), temperature (30 °C-55 °C) and pH (3-12) on the COD reduction were studied. The reduction in the COD was higher at lower pH and the optimum temperature established was 45 °C. It was also elucidated that the required catalyst dose was lesser in combined sonophotocatalysis when compared with individual photocatalysis and sonocatalysis. Combination of processes and addition of oxidants increased the COD reduction with the sonophotocatalytic oxidation combined with H₂O₂ treatment showing the best results for COD reduction (84.75%). The highest reduction in COD for photocatalysis was only 45.09% and for sonocatalysis, it was marginally higher at 58.62%. The highest reduction in COD achieved by sonophotocatalysis was 64.41%. Toxicity tests coupled with Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS) analysis revealed that there were no additional toxic intermediates added to the system during the treatment. Kinetic study allowed establishing that generalized kinetic model fits the experimental results well. Overall, the combined advanced oxidation processes showed better results than the individual processes with higher COD reduction and lower requirement of the catalyst.

Keywords: Advanced Oxidation Processes (AOP); Ce-TiO(2); Cost Estimation; Generalized Kinetic Model; H(2)O(2) – assisted Sonophotocatalysis; Textile effluent; Toxicity analysis.