Exstrophic bladder duplication in the sagittal plane: Surgical management of a rare case

Abstract

Introduction: The bladder-Exstrophy-Epispadias complex (BEEC) contains a wide spectrum of congenital malformations. A treatment naïve refugee was referred to our center with what was identified as BEEC.

Materials and methods: A 27-year-old female patient was referred for total incontinence since birth by the general practitioner from the refugee center. An exstrophic bladder with blind ending ureteral orifices and a second non-exstrophic bladder with two orthotopic ureters was identified, demonstrating the bladder duplication in the sagittal plane. Laparotomy was performed, dissecting the exstrophic bladder plate caudally and using it as a ventral onlay to augment the non-exstrophic bladder. A Mitchell-type bladder neck reconstruction was performed with an autologous fascia sling around the bladder neck to obtain continence. As the patient had never voluntarily voided, chances of spontaneous voiding after surgery were low. Therefore creation of a continent Mitrofanoff-type vesicostomy was additionally realized and genital reconstruction was achieved.

Results: 12 months post operatively, the patient was completely continent, had a bladder capacity of 250 ml, and performed self-catheterization 5 times a day. No post-operative complications were observed.

Conclusion: Admission of political refugees can implicate challenging surgeries for congenital malformations in adults, such as BEEC. This demonstrates the importance of multidisciplinary transitional care.

Keywords: Bladder duplication; Bladder exstrophy; Transitional care.