Osteoprogenitor-GMP crosstalk underpins solid tumor-induced systemic immunosuppression and persists after tumor removal

Cell Stem Cell. 2023 May 4;30(5):648-664.e8. doi: 10.1016/j.stem.2023.04.005.

Abstract

Remote tumors disrupt the bone marrow (BM) ecosystem (BME), eliciting the overproduction of BM-derived immunosuppressive cells. However, the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. Herein, we characterized breast and lung cancer-induced BME shifts pre- and post-tumor removal. Remote tumors progressively lead to osteoprogenitor (OP) expansion, hematopoietic stem cell dislocation, and CD41- granulocyte-monocyte progenitor (GMP) aggregation. The tumor-entrained BME is characterized by co-localization between CD41- GMPs and OPs. OP ablation abolishes this effect and diminishes abnormal myeloid overproduction. Mechanistically, HTRA1 carried by tumor-derived small extracellular vesicles upregulates MMP-13 in OPs, which in turn induces the alterations in the hematopoietic program. Importantly, these effects persist post-surgery and continue to impair anti-tumor immunity. Conditional knockout or inhibition of MMP-13 accelerates immune reinstatement and restores the efficacies of immunotherapies. Therefore, tumor-induced systemic effects are initiated by OP-GMP crosstalk that outlasts tumor burden, and additional treatment is required to reverse these effects for optimal therapeutic efficacy.

Keywords: MDSCs; bone marrow niches; cancer; hematopoiesis; hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells; immunotherapies; myelopoiesis; osteoprogenitor; scRNA-seq; systemic immunosuppression.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.

MeSH terms

  • Ecosystem*
  • Hematopoietic Stem Cells
  • High-Temperature Requirement A Serine Peptidase 1 / pharmacology
  • Humans
  • Immunosuppression Therapy
  • Matrix Metalloproteinase 13 / pharmacology
  • Myelopoiesis
  • Neoplasms* / pathology

Substances

  • Matrix Metalloproteinase 13
  • HTRA1 protein, human
  • High-Temperature Requirement A Serine Peptidase 1