Modified artery-first approach for distal pancreatectomy with celiac axis resection

Abstract

Background: The superior mesenteric artery-first approach has been proved superior in pancreatoduodenectomy compared with the standard procedure. It is unclear whether similar benefits could be obtained in distal pancreatectomy with celiac axis resection.

Methods: Perioperative and survival outcomes of patients who underwent distal pancreatectomy with celiac axis resection with the modified artery-first approach or traditional approach between January 2012 and September 2021 were compared.

Results: The entire cohort comprised 106 patients (modified artery-first approach, n = 35; traditional approach, n = 71). The most common complication was postoperative pancreatic fistula (n = 18, 17.0 per cent), followed by ischaemic complications (n = 17, 16.0 per cent) and surgical site infection (n = 15, 14.0 per cent). Intraoperative blood loss (400 versus 600 ml, P = 0.017) and intraoperative transfusion rate (8.6 versus 29.6 per cent, P = 0.015) were lower in the modified artery-first approach group compared with the traditional approach group. A higher number of harvested lymph nodes (18 versus 13, P = 0.030) and R0 resection rate (88.6 versus 70.4 per cent, P = 0.038) and a lower incidence of ischaemic complications (5.7 versus 21.1 per cent, P = 0.042) was observed in the modified artery-first approach group compared with the traditional approach group. In multivariable analysis, the modified artery-first approach (OR 0.006, 95 per cent c.i., 0 to 0.447; P = 0.020) was protective against ischaemic complications.

Conclusions: Compared with the traditional approach, the modified artery-first approach was associated with lower blood loss and fewer ischaemic complications, and a higher number of harvested lymph nodes and R0 resection rate. Thus, it might improve the safety, staging and prognosis of distal pancreatectomy with celiac axis resection for pancreatic cancer.