The diagnosis and treatment rates of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in China in 2020 were 22.1% and 15.0%, respectively, according to the Polaris Observatory HBV Collaborators report. This is still far below the World Health Organization's 2030 hepatitis B elimination target (90% and 80%, respectively, for the diagnosis and treatment rates). Although China has promulgated and implemented a series of policies to eliminate the hepatitis B virus, there are still many HBV infected patients who need to be detected and treated. It has been contoversial whether HBeAg-positive chronic HBV infected-patients with high viral load and normal alanine aminotransferase (ALT), also known as the "immune-tolerant phase," should receive anti-HBV therapy. Hepatologists should pay attention to the patient population known as "immune tolerant," as well as the continuous accumulation of evidence-based medical evidence for early antiviral therapy response. The current focus is on discussing the pros and cons of receiving and recommending anti-HBV therapy at this time for the management of these patients.
据Polaris Observatory HBV Collaborators报告，2020年中国乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）感染的诊断率和治疗率分别为22.1%和15.0%，距离世界卫生组织2030年乙型肝炎消除目标（HBV感染的诊断率和治疗率分别为90%和80%）仍有巨大缺口。尽管我国为消除乙型肝炎颁布实施了一系列政策，但仍有许多HBV感染者有待被发现和治疗。HBeAg阳性且高病毒载量丙氨酸转氨酶（ALT）正常，也被称为"免疫耐受期（immune-tolerant phase）"，对于这部分患者是否应该接受抗HBV治疗一直备受争议。随着肝病学家对"免疫耐受期"患者群体的关注以及循证医学证据的不断积累，HBeAg阳性且高病毒载量ALT正常慢性HBV感染患者应尽早抗病毒治疗。现重点讨论了该阶段患者接受抗HBV治疗的利弊，并推荐这部分患者抗病毒治疗及管理的流程。.
Keywords: Antiviral therapy; Chronic hepatitis B; Immune-tolerant phase.