Host gene and its guest: short story about relation of long-noncoding MIR31HG transcript and microRNA miR-31

Tomasz Kolenda; Anna Paszkowska; Alicja Braska; Joanna Kozłowska-Masłoń; Kacper Guglas; Paulina Poter; Piotr Wojtczak; Renata Bliźniak; Katarzyna Lamperska; Anna Teresiak

doi:10.5603/RPOR.a2023.0006

Host gene and its guest: short story about relation of long-noncoding MIR31HG transcript and microRNA miR-31

Rep Pract Oncol Radiother. 2023 Apr 6;28(1):114-134. doi: 10.5603/RPOR.a2023.0006. eCollection 2023.

Authors

Tomasz Kolenda^{1

2}, Anna Paszkowska^{1

2

3}, Alicja Braska², Joanna Kozłowska-Masłoń^{1

2

4}, Kacper Guglas^{1

2

5}, Paulina Poter^{1

2

6

7}, Piotr Wojtczak⁸, Renata Bliźniak^{1

2}, Katarzyna Lamperska^{1

2}, Anna Teresiak^{1

2}

Affiliations

¹ Laboratory of Cancer Genetics, Greater Poland Cancer Center, Poznan, Poland.
² Research and Implementation Unit, Greater Poland Cancer Center, Poznan, Poland.
³ Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznan, Poland.
⁴ Faculty of Biology, Institute of Human Biology and Evolution, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland.
⁵ Postgraduate School of Molecular Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Warszawa, Poland.
⁶ Department of Oncologic Pathology and Prophylaxis, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Greater Poland Cancer Center, Poznan, Poland.
⁷ Department of Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland.
⁸ Doctoral Studies, Medical University of Lodz, Poland.

Abstract

Epigenetics is the changes in a cellular phenotype without changes in the genotype. This term is not limited only to the modification of chromatin and DNA but also relates to some RNAs, like non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), both short and long RNAs (lncRNAs) acting as molecular modifiers. Mobile RNAs, as a free form or encapsulated in exosomes, can regulate neighboring cells or be placed in distant locations. It underlines the vast capacity of ncRNAs as epigenetic elements of transmission information and message of life. One of the amazing phenomena is long non-coding microRNA-host-genes (lnc-MIRHGs) whose processed transcripts function as lncRNAs and also as short RNAs named microRNAs (miRNAs). MIR31HG functions as a modulator of important biological and cellular processes including cell proliferation, apoptosis, cell cycle regulation, EMT process, metastasis, angiogenesis, hypoxia, senescence, and inflammation. However, in most cases, the role of MIR31HG is documented only by one study and there is a lack of exact description of molecular pathways implicated in these processes, and for some of them, such as response to irradiation, no studies have been done. In this review, MIR31HG, as an example of lnc-MIRHGs, was described in the context of its known function and its potential uses as a biomarker in oncology.

Keywords: cancer biomarker; epigenetic; microRNA.

Publication types

Review