In situ evaluation of microbial profile formed on Ti-6Al-4V additive manufacturing disks: 16S rRNA sequencing

Simone Kreve; Viviane C Oliveira; Emerson S Santos; Thaisa T Oliveira; Mariana L C Valente; Rodolfo L Batalha; Cássio do Nascimento; Andréa C Reis

doi:10.1016/j.prosdent.2023.03.026

In situ evaluation of microbial profile formed on Ti-6Al-4V additive manufacturing disks: 16S rRNA sequencing

J Prosthet Dent. 2023 Apr 27:S0022-3913(23)00192-0. doi: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2023.03.026. Online ahead of print.

Authors

Simone Kreve¹, Viviane C Oliveira², Emerson S Santos³, Thaisa T Oliveira⁴, Mariana L C Valente⁵, Rodolfo L Batalha⁶, Cássio do Nascimento⁷, Andréa C Reis⁸

Affiliations

¹ Doctoral student, Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Ribeirão Preto Dental School, USP, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
² Specialized Laboratory Technician, Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry of Ribeirao Preto, University of Sao Paulo (USP), Ribeirao Preto, Brazil.
³ Specialized Laboratory Technician, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, Department of Clinical Toxicological and Bromatologic Analysis, USP, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
⁴ Master student, Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Ribeirão Preto Dental School, USP, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
⁵ Post-doctoral student, Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Ribeirão Preto Dental School, USP, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
⁶ Researcher, Materials and Technologies, Department of Research, Development and Innovation, Instituto de Soldadura e Qualidade, Porto Salvo, Oeiras, Portugal.
⁷ Associate Professor, Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Ribeirão Preto Dental School, USP, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
⁸ Associate Professor, Departament of Dental Materials and Prosthesis, Ribeirão Preto Dental School, USP, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil. Electronic address: andreare73@yahoo.com.br.

PMID: 37120373
DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2023.03.026

Abstract

Statement of problem: Dental implants obtained by additive manufacturing may present changes in the microbiome formed. However, studies profiling the microbial communities formed on Ti-6Al-4V are lacking.

Purpose: The purpose of this in situ study was to characterize the profile of the microbial communities formed on Ti-6Al-4V disks produced by additive manufacturing and machining.

Material and methods: Titanium disks produced by additive manufacturing (AMD) and machining (UD) were housed in the buccal region of removable intraoral devices. These devices containing both disks were used by eight participants for 96 hours. After every 24 hours of intraoral exposure, the biofilm that had formed on the disks was collected. The 16S rRNA genes from each specimen were amplified and sequenced with the Miseq Illumina instrument and analyzed. Total microbial quantification was evaluated by analysis of variance-type statistics using the nparLD package. The Wilcoxon test was used to evaluate alpha diversity (α=.05).

Results: A difference was found in the microbial communities formed on additively manufactured and machined disks, with a reduction in operational taxonomic units (OTUs) for the AMD group compared with the UD group. Firmicutes and Proteobacteria were the most abundant phyla. Of the 1256 genera sequenced, Streptococcus predominated on both disks.

Conclusions: The microbiome of the biofilm formed on the Ti-6Al-4V disks was significantly influenced by the fabrication method. The AMD disks showed lower total microbial counts than the UD disks.