Optimization parameters for the production of dimer of epicatechin from an endophytic fungus Curvularia australiensis FC2AP using response surface methodology (RSM)

Vellingiri Manon Mani; Arockiamjeyasundar Parimala Gnana Soundari; Salin K P; Ramasamy Mohankumar; Kathirvel Preethi; Sami Al Obaid; Sulaiman Ali Alharbi; G K Jhanani; Sabarathinam Shanmugam

doi:10.1016/j.envres.2023.115962

Optimization parameters for the production of dimer of epicatechin from an endophytic fungus Curvularia australiensis FC2AP using response surface methodology (RSM)

Environ Res. 2023 Aug 15;231(Pt 1):115962. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.115962. Epub 2023 Apr 28.

Authors

Vellingiri Manon Mani¹, Arockiamjeyasundar Parimala Gnana Soundari², Salin K P³, Ramasamy Mohankumar⁴, Kathirvel Preethi⁵, Sami Al Obaid⁶, Sulaiman Ali Alharbi⁶, G K Jhanani⁷, Sabarathinam Shanmugam⁸

Affiliations

¹ Department of Microbial Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641046, TN, India; Department of Biotechnology, Rathnavel Subramaniam College of Arts and Science, Coimbatore, 641402, TN, India. Electronic address: manonmanisathee12@gmail.com.
² Department of Microbial Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641046, TN, India; Department of Biotechnology, Rathnavel Subramaniam College of Arts and Science, Coimbatore, 641402, TN, India.
³ Department of Entomology, Sugarcane Breeding Institute, Coimbatore, TN, India.
⁴ Interdisciplinary School of Indian System of Medicine (ISISM), SRM University, Chennai, 603203, TN, India.
⁵ Department of Microbial Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641046, TN, India. Electronic address: gunpre77@gmail.com.
⁶ Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, PO Box -2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.
⁷ University Centre for Research & Development, Chandigarh University, Mohali, 140103, India.
⁸ Chair of Biosystems Engineering, Institute of Forestry and Engineering, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Kreutzwaldi 56, 51014, Tartu, Estonia.

PMID: 37119839
DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.115962

Abstract

The search for natural therapeutic agents has intensified due to their potential to treat various diseases. Bioactive secondary metabolites from endophytes offer high therapeutic profiles and can be mass-produced after optimizing medium parameters and purification. This investigation aimed to maximize crude pigmented secondary metabolite (CPSM) production from Curvularia australiensis FC2AP by optimizing fermentation conditions statistically. The endophytic fungus produced a maximum yield of 8.81 UL/g from biomass using Sabouraud's Dextrose Broth. After screening essential factors, the Plackett-Burman design was used for factorial optimization, and the Box Behnken design was employed to investigate three significant factors. The final CPSM yield was 12.3 UL/g, approximately 4-fold higher than the preliminary growth medium. Chromatographic purification using a gradient solvent system resulted in six fractions, with the fourth fraction demonstrating the highest bioactivity profile. Structural characterization confirmed this fraction to be a dimer of epicatechin, which has anti-cancer properties, as confirmed through in vivo studies on Sprague Dawley rats. This is the first report of a epicatechin dimer produced from C. australiensis.

Keywords: Anti-cancer therapeutics; Antioxidant; Dimer of epicatechin; Endophytic fungi; Media optimization- RSM.

MeSH terms

Animals
Catechin*
Curvularia
Fermentation
Fungi
Rats
Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Substances

Catechin

Supplementary concepts

Curvularia australiensis