One-Pot Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Derived from Aqueous Leaf Extract of Ageratum conyzoides and Their Biological Efficacy

Deepak Paramasivam; Balamuralikrishnan Balasubramanian; Ramya Suresh; Jayanthi Kumaravelu; Manon Mani Vellingiri; Wen-Chao Liu; Arun Meyyazhagan; Amer M Alanazi; Kannan R R Rengasamy; Vijaya Anand Arumugam

doi:10.3390/antibiotics12040688

One-Pot Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Derived from Aqueous Leaf Extract of Ageratum conyzoides and Their Biological Efficacy

Antibiotics (Basel). 2023 Apr 1;12(4):688. doi: 10.3390/antibiotics12040688.

Affiliations

¹ Department of Life Science, Kristu Jayanti College (Autonomous), Affiliated to Bengaluru North University, Bengaluru 560077, Karnataka, India.
² Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea.
³ PG and Research Department of Biotechnology, Dr. N.G.P. Arts and Science College, Autonomous and Affiliated to Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641048, Tamil Nadu, India.
⁴ Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Bharth Institute of Higher Education and Research, Agharam Road Selaiyur, Chennai 600073, Tamil Nadu, India.
⁵ Department of Biotechnology, Rathnavel Subramaniam College of Arts and Science, Coimbatore 641402, Tamil Nadu, India.
⁶ College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China.
⁷ Department of Life Science, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bengaluru 560076, Karnataka, India.
⁸ Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
⁹ Laboratory of Natural Products and Medicinal Chemistry (LNPMC), Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai 600077, Tamil Nadu, India.
¹⁰ Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641046, Tamil Nadu, India.

Abstract

The main objective of the present research work is to assess the biological properties of the aqueous plant extract (ACAE) synthesised silver nanoparticles from the herbal plant Ageratum conyzoides, and their biological applications. The silver nanoparticle syntheses from Ageratum conyzoides (Ac-AgNPs) were optimised with different parameters, such as pH (2, 4, 6, 8 and 10) and varied silver nitrate concentration (1 mM and 5 mM). Based on the UV-vis spectroscopy analysis of the synthesised silver nanoparticles, the concentration of 5 mM with the pH at 8 was recorded as the peak reduction at 400 nm; and these conditions were optimized were used for further studies. The results of the FE-SEM analysis recorded the size ranges (~30-90 nm), and irregular spherical and triangular shapes of the AC-AgNPs were captured. The characterization reports of the HR-TEM investigation of AC-AgNPs were also in line with the FE-SEM studies. The antibacterial efficacies of AC-AgNPs have revealed the maximum zone of inhibition against S. typhi to be within 20 mm. The in vitro antiplasmodial activity of AC-AgNPs is shown to have an effective antiplasmodial property (IC₅₀:17.65 μg/mL), whereas AgNO₃ has shown a minimum level of IC₅₀: value 68.03 μg/mL, and the Ac-AE showed >100 μg/mL at 24 h of parasitaemia suppression. The α-amylase inhibitory properties of AC-AgNPs have revealed a maximum inhibition similar to the control Acarbose (IC₅₀: 10.87 μg/mL). The antioxidant activity of the AC-AgNPs have revealed a better property (87.86% ± 0.56, 85.95% ± 1.02 and 90.11 ± 0.29%) when compared with the Ac-AE and standard in all the three different tests, such as DPPH, FRAP and H₂O₂ scavenging assay, respectively. The current research work might be a baseline for the future drug expansion process in the area of nano-drug design, and its applications also has a lot of economic viability and is a safer method in synthesising or producing silver nanoparticles.

Keywords: Ageratum conyzoides; FE-SEM; HR-TEM; antibacterial; antidiabetic; silver nanoparticles.

Grants and funding

This research received no external funding.