Emerging and re-emerging viral diseases, predisposing risk factors, and implications of international travel: a call for action for increasing vigilance and imposing restrictions under the current threats of recently emerging multiple Omicron subvariants

Int J Surg. 2023 Mar 1;109(3):589-591. doi: 10.1097/JS9.0000000000000176.

Oroshay Kaiwan^{1

2}, Yashendra Sethi^{1

3}, Nimrat Khehra⁴, Inderbir Padda⁵, Hitesh Chopra⁶, Deepak Chandran⁷, Kuldeep Dhama⁸, Chiranjib Chakraborty⁹, Md Aminul Islam^{10

11}, Nirja Kaka^{1

12}

¹ PearResearch, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India.
² Northeast Ohio Medical University, Ohio, USA.
³ Government Doon Medical College, HNB Uttarakhand Medical Education University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India.
⁴ Saint James School of Medicine, Arnos Vale, St Vincent & the Grenadines.
⁵ Richmond University Medical Center, Staten Island, New York.
⁶ Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura, Punjab, India.
⁷ Department of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Amrita School of Agricultural Sciences, Amrita Vishwa, Vidyapeetham University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu.
⁸ Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Adamas University, Kolkata, West Bengal.
⁹ Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh.
¹⁰ COVID-19 Diagnostic Lab, Department of Microbiology, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali.
¹¹ Advanced Molecular Lab, Department of Microbiology, President Abdul Hamid Medical College, Karimganj, Kishoreganj, Bangladesh.
¹² GMERS Medical College, Himmatnagar, Gujarat, India.

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