Objective: To investigate the differences in velum closure pattern in people with and without a history of middle ear disease using intranasal pressure curves recorded with the tubomanometer, a Eustachian tube (ET) testing device.
Study design: Case control study.
Setting: Tertiary referral center.
Subjects and methods: Tubomanometry nasopharyngeal pressure curves from 20 controls (Group 1) and 20 people with history of otitis media (OM) and possible ongoing ET dysfunction (ETD) (Group 2 or OM/ETD group) were compared. The variables included in the analysis were: (a) ratio of signal amplitude relative to the delivered nasal pressure (C2/delivered pressure x 10); (b) time (s) to achieve maximal signal amplitude (C2-C1); (c) duration of velum closure (s) and (d) plateau decay during the isometric contraction of the velum (C3-C2) and (e) swallow duration (s) (C4-C1). Statistical analysis was conducted using mixed models for the normalized values of individual characteristics.
Results: Age, race and sex distribution in each group was as follows: 24 ± 8 years, 15 whites and 12 females in Group 1; 20 ± 10 years, 19 whites and 15 females in Group 2. Group 2 demonstrated a greater velopharyngeal pressure decay (p = .13), longer swallow duration (p = .10), and longer duration of velum closure (p = .14).
Conclusion: This is the first study using tubomanometry to investigate differences in velopharyngeal closure between controls and individuals with OM/ETD. Although not statistically significant, our results showed that those with OM/ETD demonstrated a longer swallow and velum closure duration, and a higher degree of leakage during velum contraction compared to controls.
Keywords: Eustachian tube; otitis media; tubomanometry; velopharyngeal closure; velopharynx.
© 2023 The Authors. Laryngoscope Investigative Otolaryngology published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of The Triological Society.