Impact of suction with nanoparticles aggregation and joule heating on unsteady MHD stagnation point flow of nanofluids over horizontal cylinder

Basim M Makhdoum; Zafar Mahmood; Umar Khan; Bandar M Fadhl; Ilyas Khan; Sayed M Eldin

doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e15012

Impact of suction with nanoparticles aggregation and joule heating on unsteady MHD stagnation point flow of nanofluids over horizontal cylinder

Heliyon. 2023 Mar 31;9(4):e15012. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e15012. eCollection 2023 Apr.

Authors

Basim M Makhdoum¹, Zafar Mahmood², Umar Khan², Bandar M Fadhl¹, Ilyas Khan³, Sayed M Eldin⁴

Affiliations

¹ Mechanical Engineering Department, College of Engineering and Islamic Architecture, Umm Al-Qura University, P. O. Box 5555, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia.
² Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Hazara University, Mansehra, Pakistan.
³ Department of Mathematics, College of Science Al-Zulfi, Majmaah University, Al-Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia.
⁴ Center of Research, Faculty of Engineering, Future University in Egypt New Cairo 11835, Egypt.

Abstract

Significance of study: Nanofluids with aggregation effects mediated by nanoparticles, like geothermal panels and crossflow heat exchangers, ignite new industrial interests. Polymer and conversion processes have transport phenomena in the stagnation zone that must be continuously improved to raise the process quality standard.

Aim of study: Hence, the current computational study examines a $T i O_{2} - C_{2} H_{6} O_{2}$ nanofluid's unsteady stagnation-point flow performance via a shrinking horizontal cylinder. In addition, the effects of a magnetic field, joule-heating viscous dissipation, nanoparticles aggregation and mass suction on the boundary layer flow are reflected.

Method: ology: The RK-IV with shooting method is applied to resolve the simplified mathematical model numerically in computing software MATHEMATICA. In certain circumstances, comparing the current and prior findings indicates good agreement with a relative error of around 0%.

Findings: The implementation of a heat transfer operation may be improved by increasing suction settings. Unsteadiness, nanoparticle volume fraction, magnetic, curvature, and Eckert number (implies the operating Joule heating and viscous dissipation) all influence heat transfer rate. The velocity and temperature profiles both increase as the unsteadiness, magnetic field, and nanoparticle volume fraction parameters increase, whereas the curvature and suction parameters show the opposite behavior. When the values of the suction parameters were changed from 2.0 to 2.5 with $φ$ = 0.01, the heat transfer rates rose by 4.751%. A comparison shows that the model with aggregation has a better velocity profile, while the model without aggregation has a better temperature profile.

Keywords: Aggregation effect; Joule heating; MHD; Stagnation; Suction; Unsteady flow.