The development and application of botanical insecticides is important for the sustainable development of green agriculture. The abuse of chemical pesticides has caused serious problems of environment and human health. Botanical insecticides have become an environment-friendly insecticides due to their nature, low toxicity, easy degradation and other advantages, which are an important field of insecticide development in the future. Although botanical insecticides have lots of advantages, there are still problems needed to be resolved, such as insecticidal plant species, impact assessment of botanical pesticide and separation and purification of active components. To excavate the resources of highly effective insecticidal plants and understand the mechanism of botanical insecticides, here we reviewed the progress of resources and active components of botanical insecticides, the mechanisms of action of botanical insecticides, the main active components and insecticidal properties of Zingiber officinale. Finally, we analyzed the difficulties faced in the research and development of botanical insecticides, prospected future directions, and discussed the active components of ginger. This review would provide reference for the deve-lopment of new botanical insecticides.
开发和应用植物源杀虫剂防治害虫是保障农业绿色生产可持续发展的重要措施之一。近年来,化学杀虫剂的大量使用给环境和人类健康带来严重威胁。相比而言,植物源杀虫剂具有天然、低毒、易降解等优点,已成为一类新的绿色杀虫剂,是今后杀虫剂的重要发展方向。虽然植物源杀虫剂在田间害虫防治中有着天然优势,但目前仍存在杀虫植物资源不清、植物源杀虫剂的药效评价指标欠缺和植物杀虫活性成分分离纯化较为困难等问题。为挖掘高效杀虫植物资源并了解植物源杀虫剂的作用机制,本文综述了当前国内外杀虫植物资源和杀虫活性物质研究进展、植物源杀虫剂的作用机理,以及生姜的主要活性成分和杀虫特性。分析了植物源杀虫剂研发当前面临的困难,并展望了植物源杀虫剂的开发方向,讨论了生姜杀虫活性成分的杀虫功能,为新型植物源杀虫剂的开发提供参考。.
Keywords: botanical insecticide; insecticidal mechanism; insecticidal plant; pest control.