Manipulation of host immune defenses by effector proteins delivered from multiple secretion systems of Salmonella and its application in vaccine research

Guodong Zhou; Yuying Zhao; Qifeng Ma; Quan Li; Shifeng Wang; Huoying Shi

doi:10.3389/fimmu.2023.1152017

Manipulation of host immune defenses by effector proteins delivered from multiple secretion systems of Salmonella and its application in vaccine research

Front Immunol. 2023 Apr 4:14:1152017. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1152017. eCollection 2023.

Authors

Guodong Zhou^{1

2}, Yuying Zhao^{1

2}, Qifeng Ma^{1

2}, Quan Li^{1

2}, Shifeng Wang³, Huoying Shi^{1

2

4}

Affiliations

¹ College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.
² Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China.
³ Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States.
⁴ Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou University (JIRLAAPS), Yangzhou, China.

Abstract

Salmonella is an important zoonotic bacterial species and hazardous for the health of human beings and livestock globally. Depending on the host, Salmonella can cause diseases ranging from gastroenteritis to life-threatening systemic infection. In this review, we discuss the effector proteins used by Salmonella to evade or manipulate four different levels of host immune defenses: commensal flora, intestinal epithelial-mucosal barrier, innate and adaptive immunity. At present, Salmonella has evolved a variety of strategies against host defense mechanisms, among which various effector proteins delivered by the secretory systems play a key role. During its passage through the digestive system, Salmonella has to face the intact intestinal epithelial barrier as well as competition with commensal flora. After invasion of host cells, Salmonella manipulates inflammatory pathways, ubiquitination and autophagy processes with the help of effector proteins. Finally, Salmonella evades the adaptive immune system by interfering the migration of dendritic cells and interacting with T and B lymphocytes. In conclusion, Salmonella can manipulate multiple aspects of host defense to promote its replication in the host.

Keywords: Salmonella infections; effector proteins; host defenses; secretion systems; vaccine research.

Publication types

Review
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

Humans
Intestinal Mucosa
Intestines
Salmonella
Salmonella Infections*
Vaccines*

Substances

Vaccines

Grants and funding

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant numbers 32172802, 31672516, 32002301, 31172300, 30670079), Jiangsu Province Science and Technology Program Special Fund Project (BZ2022042), the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (grant number 2019M661953), and Project Funded by the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions (PAPD) and supported by the 111 Project D18007. The funding bodies have not been involved in the design of the study as well as the collection, analysis, and interpretation of the data and manuscript writing.